<p>Torch ginger (<i>Etlingera elatior</i>) is a tropical perennial plant with striking torch-like flowers. It has market potential in ornamental, medicinal, cosmeceutical, and functional food applications. In this study, we present the first draft genome of torch ginger and its genomic information. Both SNP and InDel variants across torch ginger–sequenced genomes from different flower color and shape genotypes were also identified through bioinformatic analysis. The draft genome of torch ginger covered approximately 1.22&#xa0;Gb. It contained 454,962 contigs with GC content of 38.59%. The draft genome comprised 37,368 protein-coding genes, 6614 non-coding RNAs, and 213,168 microsatellites. Among the predicted protein-coding genes, 31,247 genes (83.6%) were functionally annotated from the Zingiberaceae and eggNOG databases. The top 20 KEGG pathways indicated that most genes were involved in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. A comparative phylogenomic study indicated that torch ginger is closely related to <i>Zingiber officinale</i>. A variant analysis of eleven genotypes of torch ginger identified 104,186 SNPs and 5479 InDels. A phylogenetic study based on the SNP highlighted the diversity among torch ginger genotypes. The obtained novel draft genome and comprehensive genomic resource can provide a foundation for targeted molecular breeding programs aimed at specific applications of torch ginger. This study can aid future research into the ornamental, medicinal, and culinary utilization of <i>E. elatior</i>, ensuring continued interest in this remarkable plant species.</p>

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First Draft Genome Unveils Genetic Diversity Among Different Flower Shapes and Colors and Breeding Potential of Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior)

  • Ponsit Sathapondecha,
  • Prasert Yodsawat,
  • Sorapong Benchasri,
  • Sakanan Saelim,
  • Prisana Wonglom,
  • Kedsirin Ruttajorn,
  • Sukhuman Whankaew

摘要

Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) is a tropical perennial plant with striking torch-like flowers. It has market potential in ornamental, medicinal, cosmeceutical, and functional food applications. In this study, we present the first draft genome of torch ginger and its genomic information. Both SNP and InDel variants across torch ginger–sequenced genomes from different flower color and shape genotypes were also identified through bioinformatic analysis. The draft genome of torch ginger covered approximately 1.22 Gb. It contained 454,962 contigs with GC content of 38.59%. The draft genome comprised 37,368 protein-coding genes, 6614 non-coding RNAs, and 213,168 microsatellites. Among the predicted protein-coding genes, 31,247 genes (83.6%) were functionally annotated from the Zingiberaceae and eggNOG databases. The top 20 KEGG pathways indicated that most genes were involved in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. A comparative phylogenomic study indicated that torch ginger is closely related to Zingiber officinale. A variant analysis of eleven genotypes of torch ginger identified 104,186 SNPs and 5479 InDels. A phylogenetic study based on the SNP highlighted the diversity among torch ginger genotypes. The obtained novel draft genome and comprehensive genomic resource can provide a foundation for targeted molecular breeding programs aimed at specific applications of torch ginger. This study can aid future research into the ornamental, medicinal, and culinary utilization of E. elatior, ensuring continued interest in this remarkable plant species.