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Background and aims <p>Plant roots engage in dynamic interactions with symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms, spanning a continuum from mutualism to parasitism, which are pivotal to crop productivity. The soil microbiome plays a key role in mediating these root-microbe interactions. Yet, knowledge on how soil microbiome steers the fate of root-microbe interactions towards symbiosis or pathogenesis is still little understood.</p> Methods <p>We integrated field surveys and inoculation experiments to investigate the relationships of contrasting root-microbe interaction outcomes and the rhizosphere microbiome structure and function under diversified peanut cropping practices.</p> Results <p>Rhizobial nodulation capacity of peanut roots was negatively associated with root disease incidence. Monocropping altered the composition of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities and reduced the capacity of soil microorganisms to suppress fungal pathogens. Accordingly, inoculating healthy plants with the rhizosphere microbiome from monocropping systems increased root disease incidence and in parallel reduced nodulation capacity. Metagenomic analysis indicated a lower relative abundance of genes associated with bacterial secretion systems, especially type II secretion system, in the rhizosphere of monocropping systems. Finally, the decline in rhizosphere suppressiveness led to root pathogen invasion and activated plant intrinsic defense, thereby impairing rhizobial colonization and inhibiting nodulation process.</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings suggest that the disease-suppressive capacity of the rhizosphere microbiome may contribute to shaping the balance between symbiotic and pathogenic root–microbe interactions.</p>

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Microbe-mediated coupling of soil disease suppression and rhizobial symbiosis in legume diversified cropping systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Xiang-Yu Zhang,
  • Rui Yuan,
  • Xue Guo,
  • Wen-Xue Zhang,
  • Hao-Ran Li,
  • Cao-Yue Wu,
  • Jun-Yu Zhao,
  • Ting-Ting Zhang,
  • Hong-Wei Wang,
  • Ricardo A. R. Machado,
  • Stefan Scheu,
  • Yong Jia,
  • Chuan-Chao Dai,
  • Wei Zhang

摘要

Background and aims

Plant roots engage in dynamic interactions with symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms, spanning a continuum from mutualism to parasitism, which are pivotal to crop productivity. The soil microbiome plays a key role in mediating these root-microbe interactions. Yet, knowledge on how soil microbiome steers the fate of root-microbe interactions towards symbiosis or pathogenesis is still little understood.

Methods

We integrated field surveys and inoculation experiments to investigate the relationships of contrasting root-microbe interaction outcomes and the rhizosphere microbiome structure and function under diversified peanut cropping practices.

Results

Rhizobial nodulation capacity of peanut roots was negatively associated with root disease incidence. Monocropping altered the composition of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities and reduced the capacity of soil microorganisms to suppress fungal pathogens. Accordingly, inoculating healthy plants with the rhizosphere microbiome from monocropping systems increased root disease incidence and in parallel reduced nodulation capacity. Metagenomic analysis indicated a lower relative abundance of genes associated with bacterial secretion systems, especially type II secretion system, in the rhizosphere of monocropping systems. Finally, the decline in rhizosphere suppressiveness led to root pathogen invasion and activated plant intrinsic defense, thereby impairing rhizobial colonization and inhibiting nodulation process.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the disease-suppressive capacity of the rhizosphere microbiome may contribute to shaping the balance between symbiotic and pathogenic root–microbe interactions.