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Aims <p>To maintain high productivity, sugarcane roots must provide water to the leaves in both well-watered and water-limited conditions. This study was conducted to determine the depth of water uptake in both wet and dry years.</p> Methods <p>At three sites that differed in clay content, soil samples from 0-200&#xa0;cm soil depth and sugarcane root crown water samples at each site were collected from 4–8 cultivars in May, July, August, and October of 2023 and 2024. Using the isotopic signature of water and the Bayesian mixing model, MixPIAR, proportional water use of the shallow, mid, and deep soil was calculated.</p> Results <p>Plant-available water (PAW) decreased progressively along the soil profile throughout the very dry year 2023 but remained high for most of wet year 2024. Deep water uptake (75–200&#xa0;cm) was the most important water source in both dry and wet years, averaging 72% in 2023 and 42% in 2024, while shallow soil (0-30&#xa0;cm) contributed only 9% of water uptake in 2023 and 34% in 2024. In drought years deep soil water uptake doubled to meet transpiration demands. Sugarcane cultivars did not differ in water source use in either year. Soil texture influenced water source use in the wet years only.</p> Conclusions <p>Deep soil water uptake was necessary for sugarcane production in both drought and wet years. Sugarcane yields in the study sites were not reduced by the drought in 2023, showing deep rooting and water uptake as an effective drought avoidance strategy to meet plant water demands.</p>

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Reliance on deep water uptake for sugarcane production across three soil texture profiles and in wet and drought years

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Patrick Z. Ellsworth,
  • Paul M. White Jr.

摘要

Aims

To maintain high productivity, sugarcane roots must provide water to the leaves in both well-watered and water-limited conditions. This study was conducted to determine the depth of water uptake in both wet and dry years.

Methods

At three sites that differed in clay content, soil samples from 0-200 cm soil depth and sugarcane root crown water samples at each site were collected from 4–8 cultivars in May, July, August, and October of 2023 and 2024. Using the isotopic signature of water and the Bayesian mixing model, MixPIAR, proportional water use of the shallow, mid, and deep soil was calculated.

Results

Plant-available water (PAW) decreased progressively along the soil profile throughout the very dry year 2023 but remained high for most of wet year 2024. Deep water uptake (75–200 cm) was the most important water source in both dry and wet years, averaging 72% in 2023 and 42% in 2024, while shallow soil (0-30 cm) contributed only 9% of water uptake in 2023 and 34% in 2024. In drought years deep soil water uptake doubled to meet transpiration demands. Sugarcane cultivars did not differ in water source use in either year. Soil texture influenced water source use in the wet years only.

Conclusions

Deep soil water uptake was necessary for sugarcane production in both drought and wet years. Sugarcane yields in the study sites were not reduced by the drought in 2023, showing deep rooting and water uptake as an effective drought avoidance strategy to meet plant water demands.