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Background and aims <p><i>Solidago canadensis</i> is an invasive herb widespread across Eurasia and Australia, known to decompose faster than native species. However, the mechanisms driving its decomposition, particularly the role of associated microorganisms, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the influence of specific components of soil biota (bacteria and fungi) from invaded and non-invaded mesic meadows on the decomposition of <i>S. canadensis</i>.</p> Methods <p>We conducted an ex situ decomposition experiment using shoots and leaves of <i>S. canadensis</i>. Soil solutions from invaded and non-invaded meadows were prepared and passed through syringe filters of varying pore sizes (variants A–D). We assessed primary decomposer diversity under a light microscope and analysed mass loss using GLMMs.</p> Results <p>Differences among filtration treatments were minimal, and soil solution origin (invaded vs. non-invaded meadows) had negligible effects on mass loss. Leaves and shoots decomposed at similar rates across all experimental treatments within one plant organ studied. These outcomes indicate that external microbial inputs could have played a minor role in driving decomposition.</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings suggest that <i>S. canadensis</i> may operate as a largely self-contained holobiont, harbouring an internal consortium of primary decomposers capable of sustaining decomposition potentially independently of external soil communities. This highlights the potential functional redundancy of surrounding soil biota and may contribute to enhanced nutrient cycling in invaded ecosystems. Such a strategy would align with invasion facilitation frameworks, illustrating how <i>S. canadensis</i> can exploit new environments. Additionally, its consistently efficient ex situ decomposition suggests strong potential for valorizing harvested biomass through composting or biogas production.</p>

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Solidago canadensis and its endophytes as a potential self-degrading system during ex-situ decomposition

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Kamil Kisło,
  • Patryk Czortek,
  • Anna Wiewiorowska,
  • Marta Wrzosek

摘要

Background and aims

Solidago canadensis is an invasive herb widespread across Eurasia and Australia, known to decompose faster than native species. However, the mechanisms driving its decomposition, particularly the role of associated microorganisms, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the influence of specific components of soil biota (bacteria and fungi) from invaded and non-invaded mesic meadows on the decomposition of S. canadensis.

Methods

We conducted an ex situ decomposition experiment using shoots and leaves of S. canadensis. Soil solutions from invaded and non-invaded meadows were prepared and passed through syringe filters of varying pore sizes (variants A–D). We assessed primary decomposer diversity under a light microscope and analysed mass loss using GLMMs.

Results

Differences among filtration treatments were minimal, and soil solution origin (invaded vs. non-invaded meadows) had negligible effects on mass loss. Leaves and shoots decomposed at similar rates across all experimental treatments within one plant organ studied. These outcomes indicate that external microbial inputs could have played a minor role in driving decomposition.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that S. canadensis may operate as a largely self-contained holobiont, harbouring an internal consortium of primary decomposers capable of sustaining decomposition potentially independently of external soil communities. This highlights the potential functional redundancy of surrounding soil biota and may contribute to enhanced nutrient cycling in invaded ecosystems. Such a strategy would align with invasion facilitation frameworks, illustrating how S. canadensis can exploit new environments. Additionally, its consistently efficient ex situ decomposition suggests strong potential for valorizing harvested biomass through composting or biogas production.