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Backgrounds and aims <p><i>Athyrium&#xa0;yokoscense</i>, a fern commonly found in mining areas, accumulates heavy metals like Cd. Although callus-based cultivation systems have been reported, ferns exhibit alternating gametophyte and sporophyte generations, highlighting the need for a culture system that encompasses the complete life cycle for plant physiological studies. This study aimed to (1) establish a laboratory culture system spanning the entire life cycle of <i>A.&#xa0;yokoscense</i>, and (2) evaluate its multi-metal response characteristics for Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, and As.</p> Methods <p>Spores collected from a mine tailing area were used for laboratory culture, and the plants generated were exposed to hydroponic solutions containing different metals. Metal concentrations in solutions and plants were determined.</p> Results <p>A complete life cycle system of <i>A.&#xa0;yokoscense</i> was successfully established. Plants grew normally without toxicity symptoms under all metal treatments. All tested metals were removed from solution but presented distinct distribution patterns in plant tissue. Ni and Co were predominantly retained in roots (10.4 and 7.8 times higher than in shoots, respectively), while Cd, Zn and As showed greater shoot translocation. Notably, As(III) was completely oxidized to As(V) within 72 h in the presence of <i>A.&#xa0;yokoscense</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>The established culture system revealed contrasting tissue partitioning patterns among elements in <i>A.&#xa0;yokoscense</i>,&#xa0;providing a foundation for further kinetic analysis of metal uptake and investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p>

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Multi-element response characteristics of Athyrium yokoscense revealed by a spore-derived culture system

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Ning Han,
  • Kasane Sato,
  • Chihiro Inoue,
  • Mei-Fang Chien

摘要

Backgrounds and aims

Athyrium yokoscense, a fern commonly found in mining areas, accumulates heavy metals like Cd. Although callus-based cultivation systems have been reported, ferns exhibit alternating gametophyte and sporophyte generations, highlighting the need for a culture system that encompasses the complete life cycle for plant physiological studies. This study aimed to (1) establish a laboratory culture system spanning the entire life cycle of A. yokoscense, and (2) evaluate its multi-metal response characteristics for Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, and As.

Methods

Spores collected from a mine tailing area were used for laboratory culture, and the plants generated were exposed to hydroponic solutions containing different metals. Metal concentrations in solutions and plants were determined.

Results

A complete life cycle system of A. yokoscense was successfully established. Plants grew normally without toxicity symptoms under all metal treatments. All tested metals were removed from solution but presented distinct distribution patterns in plant tissue. Ni and Co were predominantly retained in roots (10.4 and 7.8 times higher than in shoots, respectively), while Cd, Zn and As showed greater shoot translocation. Notably, As(III) was completely oxidized to As(V) within 72 h in the presence of A. yokoscense.

Conclusions

The established culture system revealed contrasting tissue partitioning patterns among elements in A. yokoscense, providing a foundation for further kinetic analysis of metal uptake and investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms.