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Aims <p>This study investigated how management-induced practices, including winter cover crops and soil amendments such as poultry litter, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, and lignite, affect the size distribution and stability of aggregates and associated carbon in a rainfed no-till corn system on Falkner silt loam in Mississippi.</p> Methods <p>Winter cover crop and no-cover treatments were assigned to main plots, while subplots received soil amendments including poultry litter, inorganic N fertilizer, their combinations with FGD gypsum and lignite, and an unfertilized control.</p> Results <p>Microaggregates (0.25–0.053&#xa0;mm) dominated across treatments and contributed most to bulk SOC, whereas &gt; 2&#xa0;mm aggregates had the highest SOC concentration. Winter cover crops increased the aggregate stability index, mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter, SOC in bulk soil and all aggregate fractions, and carbon preservation capacity. Poultry litter further enhanced stability and reduced fractal dimension. Poultry litter combined with FGD gypsum and lignite increased SOC in bulk soil and in &gt; 2&#xa0;mm and 1–0.5&#xa0;mm aggregates, and improved carbon preservation in &gt; 2&#xa0;mm aggregates. Changes in aggregate stability were primarily driven by the proportion and behavior of &gt; 2&#xa0;mm aggregates, indicating that soils with more large aggregates have greater stability potential.</p> Conclusions <p>Integrating winter cover crops with soil amendments—particularly poultry litter combined with FGD gypsum and lignite—significantly enhances soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration, largely through improvements in &gt; 2&#xa0;mm aggregates. These practices are recommended for sustainable management in rainfed no-till systems.</p>

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Management-induced shifts in soil aggregation and associated carbon in a rainfed no-till corn system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Wei Dai,
  • Gary Feng,
  • Yanbo Huang,
  • Ardeshir Adeli,
  • Xi Zhang

摘要

Aims

This study investigated how management-induced practices, including winter cover crops and soil amendments such as poultry litter, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, and lignite, affect the size distribution and stability of aggregates and associated carbon in a rainfed no-till corn system on Falkner silt loam in Mississippi.

Methods

Winter cover crop and no-cover treatments were assigned to main plots, while subplots received soil amendments including poultry litter, inorganic N fertilizer, their combinations with FGD gypsum and lignite, and an unfertilized control.

Results

Microaggregates (0.25–0.053 mm) dominated across treatments and contributed most to bulk SOC, whereas > 2 mm aggregates had the highest SOC concentration. Winter cover crops increased the aggregate stability index, mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter, SOC in bulk soil and all aggregate fractions, and carbon preservation capacity. Poultry litter further enhanced stability and reduced fractal dimension. Poultry litter combined with FGD gypsum and lignite increased SOC in bulk soil and in > 2 mm and 1–0.5 mm aggregates, and improved carbon preservation in > 2 mm aggregates. Changes in aggregate stability were primarily driven by the proportion and behavior of > 2 mm aggregates, indicating that soils with more large aggregates have greater stability potential.

Conclusions

Integrating winter cover crops with soil amendments—particularly poultry litter combined with FGD gypsum and lignite—significantly enhances soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration, largely through improvements in > 2 mm aggregates. These practices are recommended for sustainable management in rainfed no-till systems.