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Background and Aims <p>Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer application in agricultural production inhibits crop dry matter accumulation, disrupts soil nutrient cycling, and disturbs the microbial community structure, thereby constraining the farmland ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF).</p> Methods <p>Through field experiments conducted from 2023 to 2024, this study investigated the response relationships of the microbial community structure to dry matter accumulation, soil environmental factors, and EMF (ecosystem multifunctionality) under different N application rates.</p> Results <p>This study further elucidated the influence of the dominant microbial species in different spatial distribution patterns on the EMF. Results demonstrated that optimal N application (N240) significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation and translocation efficiency, improving assimilate translocation from vegetative organs to grains. Concurrently, it increased the plant-available carbon and N content in the soil while enriching the beneficial rhizosphere microbes (<i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Nitrosospira</i>, <i>Schizothecium</i>, and <i>Olpidiaster</i>). Integrated analysis of N-soil-microbe-dry matter accumulation revealed that EMF in N180 and N240 were markedly elevated, showing 151.41% and 149.51% increases relative to N0, respectively.</p> Conclusions <p>This study elucidated the coupling mechanism between soil microbial diversity and EMF under varying N regimes and proposed a microbe-mediated framework linking N input, soil factors, and dry matter accumulation to optimize EMF, providing novel insights into the impact of N fertilization on soil microecological mechanisms.</p>

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Nitrogen application regulates ecosystem multifunctionality through soil microbial diversity: a quantitative assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Tiantian Meng,
  • Yanan Liu,
  • Xiangqian Zhang,
  • Jingjing Shi,
  • Xiaoyu Zhao,
  • Xuanyi Chen,
  • Meiren Rong,
  • Xingxing Guo,
  • Shuli Wei,
  • Jiawei Liu,
  • Zhanyuan Lu

摘要

Background and Aims

Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer application in agricultural production inhibits crop dry matter accumulation, disrupts soil nutrient cycling, and disturbs the microbial community structure, thereby constraining the farmland ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF).

Methods

Through field experiments conducted from 2023 to 2024, this study investigated the response relationships of the microbial community structure to dry matter accumulation, soil environmental factors, and EMF (ecosystem multifunctionality) under different N application rates.

Results

This study further elucidated the influence of the dominant microbial species in different spatial distribution patterns on the EMF. Results demonstrated that optimal N application (N240) significantly enhanced dry matter accumulation and translocation efficiency, improving assimilate translocation from vegetative organs to grains. Concurrently, it increased the plant-available carbon and N content in the soil while enriching the beneficial rhizosphere microbes (Sphingomonas, Nitrosospira, Schizothecium, and Olpidiaster). Integrated analysis of N-soil-microbe-dry matter accumulation revealed that EMF in N180 and N240 were markedly elevated, showing 151.41% and 149.51% increases relative to N0, respectively.

Conclusions

This study elucidated the coupling mechanism between soil microbial diversity and EMF under varying N regimes and proposed a microbe-mediated framework linking N input, soil factors, and dry matter accumulation to optimize EMF, providing novel insights into the impact of N fertilization on soil microecological mechanisms.