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Aims <p>Microorganisms in different ecological niches participate in various ecological functions. However, the microbial characteristics of different niches (leaves, stems, roots, rhizosphere soil, and bulk soil) of <i>Astragalus membranaceus</i> remain unclear. To explore the microbial characteristics in different niches, we investigated the microbial diversity, composition, variation, functional profiles, and source tracking.</p> Methods <p>Using 16S rDNA and ITS gene sequencing technologies, we comparatively analyzed the diversity, composition and function of bacterial and fungal communities among different ecological niches. Source tracking analysis was conducted to reveal the origins and transmission pathways of microorganisms.</p> Results <p>Microbial diversity significantly decreased from the soil to the plant tissues, with community structure being strongly influenced by ecological niches. <i>Sphingomonas</i>,&#xa0;<i>Pseudomonas</i>,&#xa0;and&#xa0;<i>Pantoea</i>&#xa0;were identified as key bacterial taxa, whereas&#xa0;<i>Gibberella</i>,&#xa0;<i>Davidiella</i>, and&#xa0;<i>Didymella</i>&#xa0;were key fungal taxa, with different genera dominating different niches. The bacterial functions were mainly associated with metabolic pathways (enriched in rhizosphere soil), whereas the fungal functions were dominated by aerobic respiration I (enriched in stems). Microbial transmission followed a chain-like pattern of "soil‒rhizosphere‒root‒stem‒leaf", which aligns with the host selection filtering theory.</p> Conclusions <p>This study confirmed that host selection filtering was the driving force behind community differentiation, providing a theoretical basis for the microbial regulation of <i>A. membranaceus</i> to improve quality and yield.</p>

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Ecological niche shapes the composition and function of microbial communities in Astragalus membranaceus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Xiao Chen,
  • Zhengyan Li,
  • Yaogong Zhang,
  • Chao Yao,
  • Yuanshuai Yu,
  • Feifei Ding,
  • Jingyi Xu,
  • Yuan Li,
  • Linlin Dong,
  • Guangfei Wei

摘要

Aims

Microorganisms in different ecological niches participate in various ecological functions. However, the microbial characteristics of different niches (leaves, stems, roots, rhizosphere soil, and bulk soil) of Astragalus membranaceus remain unclear. To explore the microbial characteristics in different niches, we investigated the microbial diversity, composition, variation, functional profiles, and source tracking.

Methods

Using 16S rDNA and ITS gene sequencing technologies, we comparatively analyzed the diversity, composition and function of bacterial and fungal communities among different ecological niches. Source tracking analysis was conducted to reveal the origins and transmission pathways of microorganisms.

Results

Microbial diversity significantly decreased from the soil to the plant tissues, with community structure being strongly influenced by ecological niches. Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Pantoea were identified as key bacterial taxa, whereas Gibberella, Davidiella, and Didymella were key fungal taxa, with different genera dominating different niches. The bacterial functions were mainly associated with metabolic pathways (enriched in rhizosphere soil), whereas the fungal functions were dominated by aerobic respiration I (enriched in stems). Microbial transmission followed a chain-like pattern of "soil‒rhizosphere‒root‒stem‒leaf", which aligns with the host selection filtering theory.

Conclusions

This study confirmed that host selection filtering was the driving force behind community differentiation, providing a theoretical basis for the microbial regulation of A. membranaceus to improve quality and yield.