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Background and aims <p>Effective soil management is essential for conserving moisture and improving productivity in rainfed maize systems across arid and semi-arid regions. Practices such as plastic film mulching, straw mulching, straw incorporation, and conservation tillage have been locally and regionally validated for their benefits, yet their yield effects exhibit substantial variation due to interactions among climate, soil, and management factors. This study therefore compares these practices, quantifies how climate-soil-management interactions determine practice effectiveness, and identifies optimal application conditions.</p> Methods <p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for study screening, a global meta-analysis was conducted using data extracted from 244 peer-reviewed studies.</p> Results <p>Compared to conventional tillage, plastic film mulching increased maize yield by approximately 50%; straw mulching and straw incorporation increased yield by nearly 9%. In contrast, conservation tillage decreased maize yield. Plastic film mulching performed better in cool, dry, and loamy soil with low bulk density and higher soil organic matter. Straw mulching was more advantageous in dry conditions or higher temperatures (mean annual temperature, MAT &gt; 10&#xa0;°C), and straw incorporation performed equally in all environments except in hot environments (MAT &gt; 20&#xa0;°C), where it did not affect yield.</p> Conclusions <p>Overall, these results provide insights into understanding how soil management practices affect maize yield across climate, soil, and management factors and highlight the importance of site-specific soil management practices for sustainable maize production in rainfed farming systems in the world.</p>

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Response of maize yield to soil management practices: a global meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Mekuannet Belay,
  • Changlu Hu,
  • Victor Sadras,
  • Zhaodong Wang,
  • Wenning Wang,
  • Ye Zhang,
  • Liurong Li,
  • Chunyu Dou,
  • Yanfei Xue,
  • Xueyun Yang,
  • Juanni He,
  • Shulan Zhang

摘要

Background and aims

Effective soil management is essential for conserving moisture and improving productivity in rainfed maize systems across arid and semi-arid regions. Practices such as plastic film mulching, straw mulching, straw incorporation, and conservation tillage have been locally and regionally validated for their benefits, yet their yield effects exhibit substantial variation due to interactions among climate, soil, and management factors. This study therefore compares these practices, quantifies how climate-soil-management interactions determine practice effectiveness, and identifies optimal application conditions.

Methods

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for study screening, a global meta-analysis was conducted using data extracted from 244 peer-reviewed studies.

Results

Compared to conventional tillage, plastic film mulching increased maize yield by approximately 50%; straw mulching and straw incorporation increased yield by nearly 9%. In contrast, conservation tillage decreased maize yield. Plastic film mulching performed better in cool, dry, and loamy soil with low bulk density and higher soil organic matter. Straw mulching was more advantageous in dry conditions or higher temperatures (mean annual temperature, MAT > 10 °C), and straw incorporation performed equally in all environments except in hot environments (MAT > 20 °C), where it did not affect yield.

Conclusions

Overall, these results provide insights into understanding how soil management practices affect maize yield across climate, soil, and management factors and highlight the importance of site-specific soil management practices for sustainable maize production in rainfed farming systems in the world.