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Aims <p>This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the differences in soil microecological restoration mediated by&#xa0;<i>Cyperus malaccensis</i>&#xa0;and&#xa0;<i>Phragmites australis</i>&#xa0;in coastal wetland soils at different remediation durations.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed soil chemistry, enzyme activity, and microbial communities at three depths (0–20&#xa0;cm, 20–40&#xa0;cm, 40–60&#xa0;cm) in&#xa0;<i>C. malaccensis</i>,&#xa0;<i>P. australis</i>, and unvegetated tidal flat plots at 8 and 16&#xa0;years after remediation.</p> Results <p><i>C. malaccensis</i>&#xa0;enriched a predominantly bacterial microbial community, with nitrogen content in its topsoil increasing with remediation duration.&#xa0;<i>P. australis</i>&#xa0;tended to enrich fungal communities, focusing on long-term improvement of deeper soil layers. Microbial community assembly was primarily controlled by stochastic processes (βNTI &lt; 2), but&#xa0;<i>P. australis</i>&#xa0;plots maintained higher functional diversity. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated&#xa0;<i>C. malaccensis</i>&#xa0;promoted modular structure of the bacterial community and enhanced stability, while&#xa0;<i>P. australis</i>&#xa0;optimized fungal functional cooperation and improved deep soil nutrient cycling efficiency.</p> Conclusion <p>Different vegetation types drive soil microecological restoration via distinct plant-soil feedback pathways:&#xa0;<i>C. malaccensis</i>&#xa0;improves topsoil fertility through bacteria-dominated synergies for short-term nutrient enhancement, whereas&#xa0;<i>P. australis</i>&#xa0;strengthens deep soil function and long-term stability via deep-root-mediated fungal regulation. Thus, introducing suitable native vegetation in coastal wetland restoration regulates plant–microbe interactions, accelerating and optimizing soil ecological restoration more effectively than natural tidal flat succession.</p>

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Cyperus malaccensis and Phragmites australis mediate the differential restoration of soil microecology in coastal wetlands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Zongsheng Yuan,
  • Sifan Wang,
  • Xun Dong,
  • Xiaoling Wang,
  • Fang Liu

摘要

Aims

This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the differences in soil microecological restoration mediated by Cyperus malaccensis and Phragmites australis in coastal wetland soils at different remediation durations.

Methods

We analyzed soil chemistry, enzyme activity, and microbial communities at three depths (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, 40–60 cm) in C. malaccensis, P. australis, and unvegetated tidal flat plots at 8 and 16 years after remediation.

Results

C. malaccensis enriched a predominantly bacterial microbial community, with nitrogen content in its topsoil increasing with remediation duration. P. australis tended to enrich fungal communities, focusing on long-term improvement of deeper soil layers. Microbial community assembly was primarily controlled by stochastic processes (βNTI < 2), but P. australis plots maintained higher functional diversity. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated C. malaccensis promoted modular structure of the bacterial community and enhanced stability, while P. australis optimized fungal functional cooperation and improved deep soil nutrient cycling efficiency.

Conclusion

Different vegetation types drive soil microecological restoration via distinct plant-soil feedback pathways: C. malaccensis improves topsoil fertility through bacteria-dominated synergies for short-term nutrient enhancement, whereas P. australis strengthens deep soil function and long-term stability via deep-root-mediated fungal regulation. Thus, introducing suitable native vegetation in coastal wetland restoration regulates plant–microbe interactions, accelerating and optimizing soil ecological restoration more effectively than natural tidal flat succession.