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Background and aims <p>Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an efficient and environmentally friendly practice for controlling soil-borne diseases, such as the bacterial wilt in tomatoes caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>. The amendment of organic residues is an integral part of RSD; however, how the choice of organic residues affects the disinfestation of <i>R. solanacearum</i> remains poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>Here, we collected organic residues with varying carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (C/N) and assessed their effectiveness in improving soil properties, altering microbial community composition, and suppressing <i>R. solanacearum</i> during RSD.</p> Results <p>All organic residues significantly increased soil carbon and nitrogen contents while reducing <i>R. solanacearum</i> abundance by approximately two orders of magnitude over 21&#xa0;days. Organic residues with low C/N, particularly wheat bran and distillers’ grains, showed the greatest effects with RSD in enhancing soil properties or pathogen suppression. These amendments also significantly enriched the ASVs negatively correlated with <i>R. solanacearum</i> (e.g., Xanthomonadaceae, Clostridiaceae), and decreased the ASVs positively correlated with it (mainly Burkholderiaceae). In addition, functional genes associated with carbon and sulfur cycling were enriched under low C/N residues. Mantel’s test showed that <i>R. solanacearum</i> abundance was driven by soil pH, organic residues’ C/N ratios, and the correlated ASVs.</p> Conclusion <p>In all, our results highlight the value of incorporating low C/N organic residues with RSD to improve soil properties, suppress <i>R. solanacearum</i>, and advance the development of effective soil disinfestation strategies.</p>

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Low C/N organic residues enhance reductive soil disinfestation for the suppression of Ralstonia solanacearum

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Hui-Juan Duan,
  • Yue Yin,
  • Jun Zhao,
  • Xian-Yong Lin,
  • Gui-Lan Duan

摘要

Background and aims

Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an efficient and environmentally friendly practice for controlling soil-borne diseases, such as the bacterial wilt in tomatoes caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The amendment of organic residues is an integral part of RSD; however, how the choice of organic residues affects the disinfestation of R. solanacearum remains poorly understood.

Methods

Here, we collected organic residues with varying carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (C/N) and assessed their effectiveness in improving soil properties, altering microbial community composition, and suppressing R. solanacearum during RSD.

Results

All organic residues significantly increased soil carbon and nitrogen contents while reducing R. solanacearum abundance by approximately two orders of magnitude over 21 days. Organic residues with low C/N, particularly wheat bran and distillers’ grains, showed the greatest effects with RSD in enhancing soil properties or pathogen suppression. These amendments also significantly enriched the ASVs negatively correlated with R. solanacearum (e.g., Xanthomonadaceae, Clostridiaceae), and decreased the ASVs positively correlated with it (mainly Burkholderiaceae). In addition, functional genes associated with carbon and sulfur cycling were enriched under low C/N residues. Mantel’s test showed that R. solanacearum abundance was driven by soil pH, organic residues’ C/N ratios, and the correlated ASVs.

Conclusion

In all, our results highlight the value of incorporating low C/N organic residues with RSD to improve soil properties, suppress R. solanacearum, and advance the development of effective soil disinfestation strategies.