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Background <p>Verticillium wilt caused by <i>Verticillium</i> dahliae result in a seriously economic impact on the crop security.</p> Method and results <p><i>Penicillium ochrochloron</i> SWUKD4.1850, isolated from a healthy branch of the medicinal plant <i>Kadsura angustifolia</i>, exhibited inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> SWUKG2.0720 in dual-culture plate assays. In vitro root colonization experiments indicated that the endophytic fungus <i>P. ochrochloron</i> successfully colonized cotton plants. Field experiments further demonstrated that the application of <i>P. ochrochloron</i> resulted in a 44.46% reduction in Verticillium wilt incidence compared to the group treated with <i>V. dahliae</i> alone. Additionally, <i>P. ochrochloron</i> enhanced the immune response in cotton by increasing the activity of oxidative protective enzymes, specifically catalase (CAT) by 59.1%, peroxidase (POD) by 25.1%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 44.6%, while decreasing the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 41.1% and proline by 13.6% under <i>V. dahliae</i> stress. Moreover, treatment with metabolites from <i>P. ochrochloron</i> led to significant reductions in the biomass, cellulase, and pectinase activity of <i>V. dahliae</i> by 92.0%, 39.1%, and 40.8%, respectively, alongside a 43.5% increase in intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content. High-throughput sequencing of cotton field rhizosphere soil showed that <i>P. ochrochloron</i> colonization boosted beneficial fungal endophytes and reduced harmful fungi, enhancing beneficial functions in the cotton.</p> Conclusion <p>The study indicates that <i>P. ochrochloron</i> colonization can greatly inhibit <i>V. dahliae</i> growth and boost the native microbial health in cotton, providing an effective method to enhance cotton's resistance to Verticillium wilt.</p>

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Biocontrol agent Penicillium ochrochloron enhances cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt by antagonism and microbiome modulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Dan Qin,
  • Chuan You,
  • Jian Hu,
  • Jinyan Dong

摘要

Background

Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae result in a seriously economic impact on the crop security.

Method and results

Penicillium ochrochloron SWUKD4.1850, isolated from a healthy branch of the medicinal plant Kadsura angustifolia, exhibited inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of Verticillium dahliae SWUKG2.0720 in dual-culture plate assays. In vitro root colonization experiments indicated that the endophytic fungus P. ochrochloron successfully colonized cotton plants. Field experiments further demonstrated that the application of P. ochrochloron resulted in a 44.46% reduction in Verticillium wilt incidence compared to the group treated with V. dahliae alone. Additionally, P. ochrochloron enhanced the immune response in cotton by increasing the activity of oxidative protective enzymes, specifically catalase (CAT) by 59.1%, peroxidase (POD) by 25.1%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 44.6%, while decreasing the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) by 41.1% and proline by 13.6% under V. dahliae stress. Moreover, treatment with metabolites from P. ochrochloron led to significant reductions in the biomass, cellulase, and pectinase activity of V. dahliae by 92.0%, 39.1%, and 40.8%, respectively, alongside a 43.5% increase in intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. High-throughput sequencing of cotton field rhizosphere soil showed that P. ochrochloron colonization boosted beneficial fungal endophytes and reduced harmful fungi, enhancing beneficial functions in the cotton.

Conclusion

The study indicates that P. ochrochloron colonization can greatly inhibit V. dahliae growth and boost the native microbial health in cotton, providing an effective method to enhance cotton's resistance to Verticillium wilt.