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Aims <p>Phytoremediation is eco-friendly and cost-effective for farmland cadmium pollution control. <i>Paulownia</i> grows well in cadmium-contaminated soil and accumulates it, but the response mechanisms of its root bacterial communities to such pollution, along with relevant biomarkers, remain unknown.</p> Methods <p>In this study, exogenous cadmium was added to soil to study the differences in root traits and bacterial community structure in <i>Paulownia</i> trees growing in these soils.</p> Results <p>As soil cadmium levels rose, <i>Paulownia</i> accumulated more cadmium, especially in fine roots. Cadmium reduced <i>Paulownia</i>'s height, biomass, and root volume, and altered bacterial community diversity, composition, and assembly in roots. It disrupted fine-root bacterial network stability but had little impact on coarse roots. Key indicator groups for cadmium accumulation included cadmium-tolerant or plant-growth-promoting bacteria like <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Massilia</i>. Fine-root morphology was significantly linked to bacterial network topology.</p> Conclusions <p>We found cadmium-tolerant, plant-growth-promoting bacteria (e.g., <i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Massilia</i>) as biomarkers for <i>Paulownia</i>'s cadmium accumulation. Cadmium stress destabilizes fine-root bacterial networks by altering root traits. Our findings offer new insights into how <i>Paulownia</i> root bacterial communities respond to cadmium stress and underscore taxon-specific recruitment strategies under such conditions.</p>

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Changes in the co-occurrence pattern of fine root bacteria induced by root traits of Paulownia under soil cadmium stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Yongli Ku,
  • Yeqing Li,
  • Yuhao Zhi,
  • Ye Zheng,
  • Jinhui Zhu,
  • Longhui Zheng,
  • Pu Li,
  • Yuxuan Zhu,
  • Yibo Wei,
  • Guijun Li,
  • Guoqiang Fan,
  • Xuanzhen Li

摘要

Aims

Phytoremediation is eco-friendly and cost-effective for farmland cadmium pollution control. Paulownia grows well in cadmium-contaminated soil and accumulates it, but the response mechanisms of its root bacterial communities to such pollution, along with relevant biomarkers, remain unknown.

Methods

In this study, exogenous cadmium was added to soil to study the differences in root traits and bacterial community structure in Paulownia trees growing in these soils.

Results

As soil cadmium levels rose, Paulownia accumulated more cadmium, especially in fine roots. Cadmium reduced Paulownia's height, biomass, and root volume, and altered bacterial community diversity, composition, and assembly in roots. It disrupted fine-root bacterial network stability but had little impact on coarse roots. Key indicator groups for cadmium accumulation included cadmium-tolerant or plant-growth-promoting bacteria like Sphingomonas and Massilia. Fine-root morphology was significantly linked to bacterial network topology.

Conclusions

We found cadmium-tolerant, plant-growth-promoting bacteria (e.g., Sphingomonas, Massilia) as biomarkers for Paulownia's cadmium accumulation. Cadmium stress destabilizes fine-root bacterial networks by altering root traits. Our findings offer new insights into how Paulownia root bacterial communities respond to cadmium stress and underscore taxon-specific recruitment strategies under such conditions.