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Aims <p>The standing decomposition of aquatic plant litter is a crucial component of carbon and nutrient cycling within wetland ecosystems. However, its legacy effects on subsequent underwater decomposition remain inadequately explored.</p> Methods <p>This study employed simulation experiments to investigate the impacts of varying standing times (0, 1, and 2&#xa0;months) on the decomposition of <i>Phragmites australis</i> and <i>Folium nelumbinis</i> across different microenvironments (including water depth and sediment contact treatments). By integrating stoichiometric characteristics, component analysis, and microbial assessments, the research elucidates the ecological significance of marcescence in relation to underwater decay.</p> Results <p>The results indicated that the mass loss ranged for <i>P. australis</i> and <i>F. nelumbinis</i> decomposition over a period of 150&#xa0;days were 47.76–85.2% and 56.33–87.18%, respectively, under various treatments. Furthermore, litter decomposition was observed to be most rapid when in contact with sediment in the shallow layer after a standing time of 2&#xa0;months. Standing decomposition altered litter quality, facilitated microbial colonization through initial nitrogen enrichment, and enhanced litter degradation via subsequent lignin decomposition. The promoting effect of marcescence was found to be as high as 30.9%. Additionally, the interaction between microbes and the environment revealed that sediment contact significantly increases the total microbial population (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while the effect of water depth is comparatively weak.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings not only deepen the understanding of the carbon cycle mechanisms in wetlands, but also provide an important theoretical basis for carbon sink management and for ecological predictions in the context of climate change.</p>

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Standing durations of dead emergent litters influence their underwater decomposition and carbon sequestration in wetlands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Dongyu Ji,
  • Jiayu Zhou,
  • Dongyu Xie,
  • Xin Zhang,
  • Fan Wu,
  • Jiaojiao Yang,
  • Jin Gao,
  • Jiaojiao Deng,
  • Qing-Wei Wang,
  • Xiaoguang Xu,
  • Hiroko Kurokawa,
  • Guoxiang Wang

摘要

Aims

The standing decomposition of aquatic plant litter is a crucial component of carbon and nutrient cycling within wetland ecosystems. However, its legacy effects on subsequent underwater decomposition remain inadequately explored.

Methods

This study employed simulation experiments to investigate the impacts of varying standing times (0, 1, and 2 months) on the decomposition of Phragmites australis and Folium nelumbinis across different microenvironments (including water depth and sediment contact treatments). By integrating stoichiometric characteristics, component analysis, and microbial assessments, the research elucidates the ecological significance of marcescence in relation to underwater decay.

Results

The results indicated that the mass loss ranged for P. australis and F. nelumbinis decomposition over a period of 150 days were 47.76–85.2% and 56.33–87.18%, respectively, under various treatments. Furthermore, litter decomposition was observed to be most rapid when in contact with sediment in the shallow layer after a standing time of 2 months. Standing decomposition altered litter quality, facilitated microbial colonization through initial nitrogen enrichment, and enhanced litter degradation via subsequent lignin decomposition. The promoting effect of marcescence was found to be as high as 30.9%. Additionally, the interaction between microbes and the environment revealed that sediment contact significantly increases the total microbial population (p < 0.001), while the effect of water depth is comparatively weak.

Conclusions

These findings not only deepen the understanding of the carbon cycle mechanisms in wetlands, but also provide an important theoretical basis for carbon sink management and for ecological predictions in the context of climate change.