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Aims <p><i>Epichloë bromicola</i> is an endophtic fungus, isolated from wild barley (<i>Hordeum brevisubulatum</i>), It is well known for enhancing the growth of cultivated barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> cv. Yangsimai No. 1). However, its transgenerational effects remain poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>The vertically transmitted <i>E. bromicola</i> was inoculated into cultivated barley to establish a novel <i>E. bromicola</i>—barley association (E +). We evaluated the <i>E. bromicola</i>—mediated consequences of maternal parent barley plant on performance of their progeny at two developmental stages: seedling and young plant.</p> Results <p>The association between <i>E. bromicola</i> and a novel barley host was successfully established. Although the artificial inoculation of barley with <i>E. bromicola</i> results in a relatively low infection rate (3.23%), the <i>E. bromicola</i> exhibits high vertical transmission through seeds: infection rate reach 86.27% in seeds of maternal parent and 75% in progeny seedlings. <i>E. bromicola</i> colonization significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) stimulated the plant height and leaf blade length in maternal barley plants. Furthermore, <i>E. bromicola</i> colonization significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) increased the interim germination of progeny barley seeds. Additionally, <i>E. bromicola</i> colonization notably (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced the leaf blade thickness and concentration CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, while increasing the upper epidermal thickness in progeny barley, ultimately affecting photosynthesis performance.</p> Conclusions <p>The results indicate that <i>E. bromicola</i> can promote barley growth, and its excellent traits can be transmitted to progeny through seeds, allowing progeny barley to continuously acquire symbiotic advantages. Clarifying the transgenerational effects of novel association will provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of artificially developed cultivars.</p>

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Vertically transmitted Epichloë bromicola has transgenerational positive effects in cultivated barley

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月9日

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  • Jing Liu,
  • Zhengfeng Wang,
  • Kamran Malik,
  • Chunjie Li

摘要

Aims

Epichloë bromicola is an endophtic fungus, isolated from wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum), It is well known for enhancing the growth of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Yangsimai No. 1). However, its transgenerational effects remain poorly understood.

Methods

The vertically transmitted E. bromicola was inoculated into cultivated barley to establish a novel E. bromicola—barley association (E +). We evaluated the E. bromicola—mediated consequences of maternal parent barley plant on performance of their progeny at two developmental stages: seedling and young plant.

Results

The association between E. bromicola and a novel barley host was successfully established. Although the artificial inoculation of barley with E. bromicola results in a relatively low infection rate (3.23%), the E. bromicola exhibits high vertical transmission through seeds: infection rate reach 86.27% in seeds of maternal parent and 75% in progeny seedlings. E. bromicola colonization significantly (P < 0.05) stimulated the plant height and leaf blade length in maternal barley plants. Furthermore, E. bromicola colonization significantly (P < 0.05) increased the interim germination of progeny barley seeds. Additionally, E. bromicola colonization notably (P < 0.05) reduced the leaf blade thickness and concentration CO2 concentration, while increasing the upper epidermal thickness in progeny barley, ultimately affecting photosynthesis performance.

Conclusions

The results indicate that E. bromicola can promote barley growth, and its excellent traits can be transmitted to progeny through seeds, allowing progeny barley to continuously acquire symbiotic advantages. Clarifying the transgenerational effects of novel association will provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of artificially developed cultivars.