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Aims <p>Climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses such as water deficit and cold, posing significant challenges to global wheat production. To elucidate how prior exposure to combined water deficit and cold generates inter- and transgenerational stress memory in wheat by integrating physiological, biochemical, and genetic analyses and to quantify the resulting gains in tolerance across generations.</p> Methods <p>A diverse panel of 111 wheat genotypes was evaluated across multiple generations to assess changes in key traits, including chlorophyll content, proline accumulation, antioxidant activity, and growth parameters.</p> Results <p>A single cycle of combined cold and water-deficit stress provoked strong biochemical defenses in the exposed generation but imposed a short-term yield penalty. Importantly, the same exposure conveyed a heritable advantage consistent with stress memory: progeny retained elevated protective metabolite and antioxidant profiles and produced up to 56% more spikes per plant with kernels 43% heavier than unstressed controls. To dissect the genetic basis of these memory-linked gains, we conducted genome-wide association analysis and detected significant SNP–trait associations that differentiated genotypic trajectories, with a subset of accessions showing stable, heritable improvements in resilience. Lead loci on chromosomes 1A, 2B, and 4D co-localized with genes implicated in abscisic-acid signaling, cold acclimation, and chromatin remodeling, pointing to coordinated control of stomatal regulation, carbohydrate partitioning, and transcriptional reprogramming under repeated stress.</p> Conclusions <p>These results provide valuable insights into the genetic control of stress memory and offer a foundation for breeding climate-resilient wheat varieties capable of withstanding recurring abiotic stress events.</p>

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Synergistic stress memory: key genomic hotspots enhance wheat under cold and water deficit through soil-conditioned priming of metabolic and defense pathways

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Amr Elkelish,
  • Abdelghafar Mohamed Abu-Elsaoud,
  • Ahmad M. Alqudah,
  • Andreas Börner,
  • Fehmi Boufahja,
  • Hussain Alqahtani,
  • Haifa A. S. Alhaithloul,
  • Samar G. Thabet

摘要

Aims

Climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses such as water deficit and cold, posing significant challenges to global wheat production. To elucidate how prior exposure to combined water deficit and cold generates inter- and transgenerational stress memory in wheat by integrating physiological, biochemical, and genetic analyses and to quantify the resulting gains in tolerance across generations.

Methods

A diverse panel of 111 wheat genotypes was evaluated across multiple generations to assess changes in key traits, including chlorophyll content, proline accumulation, antioxidant activity, and growth parameters.

Results

A single cycle of combined cold and water-deficit stress provoked strong biochemical defenses in the exposed generation but imposed a short-term yield penalty. Importantly, the same exposure conveyed a heritable advantage consistent with stress memory: progeny retained elevated protective metabolite and antioxidant profiles and produced up to 56% more spikes per plant with kernels 43% heavier than unstressed controls. To dissect the genetic basis of these memory-linked gains, we conducted genome-wide association analysis and detected significant SNP–trait associations that differentiated genotypic trajectories, with a subset of accessions showing stable, heritable improvements in resilience. Lead loci on chromosomes 1A, 2B, and 4D co-localized with genes implicated in abscisic-acid signaling, cold acclimation, and chromatin remodeling, pointing to coordinated control of stomatal regulation, carbohydrate partitioning, and transcriptional reprogramming under repeated stress.

Conclusions

These results provide valuable insights into the genetic control of stress memory and offer a foundation for breeding climate-resilient wheat varieties capable of withstanding recurring abiotic stress events.