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Aims <p>Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application in greenhouse vegetable cultivation leads to low nitrogen use efficiency, degrades soil health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerated drip irrigation (ADI) on crop nitrogen utilization efficiency, soil organic carbon components, and associated enzyme activity under reduced nitrogen conditions.</p> Methods <p>The experiment included three nitrogen levels: 150&#xa0;kg N·ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, 225&#xa0;kg N·ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, and 300&#xa0;kg N·ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, and two irrigation methods were used in this experiment: conventional drip irrigation (CDI) and aerated drip irrigation (ADI). In a randomized micro-plot bucket experiment, <sup>15</sup>N-labeled urea was applied at different growth stages of pepper plants to monitor crop growth and nitrogen utilization. Soil organic carbon components and enzyme activities were also analyzed to assess the impact of ADI and nitrogen levels on soil fertility.</p> Results <p>Aerated drip irrigation combined 225&#xa0;kg N·ha⁻<sup>1</sup> got the highest carbon pool management index (CPMI) 1.38 and the highest nitrogen use efficiency of 67.26%. Compared to the CDI treatment, ADI treatment led to a 5.74%-25.09% increase in total dry matter accumulation. Enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), cellulase (CMCase), and amylase (AMY) increased by 5.96%-68.71%, 40.55%-81.04%, and 6.06%-14.29%, respectively. Structural equation modeling indicated that soil enzymes contributed to dry matter accumulation by breaking down stable organic carbon into plant-available components, thus enhancing nitrogen utilization.</p> Conclusions <p>Applying 225&#xa0;kg N·ha⁻<sup>1</sup> under ADI treatment enhances the mineralization of soil organic carbon by soil enzymes, thereby improving nitrogen use efficiency of pepper plants and ensuring safe and efficient production in greenhouse settings.</p>

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The key mechanism of improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization in greenhouse pepper through aerated drip irrigation: stimulating soil enzyme activity and affecting soil carbon pool

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Yecheng Dong,
  • Hongjun Lei,
  • Zhifang Lv,
  • Chen Yin,
  • Zheyuan Xiao,
  • Hongwei Pan,
  • Yingji Lian

摘要

Aims

Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application in greenhouse vegetable cultivation leads to low nitrogen use efficiency, degrades soil health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerated drip irrigation (ADI) on crop nitrogen utilization efficiency, soil organic carbon components, and associated enzyme activity under reduced nitrogen conditions.

Methods

The experiment included three nitrogen levels: 150 kg N·ha⁻1, 225 kg N·ha⁻1, and 300 kg N·ha⁻1, and two irrigation methods were used in this experiment: conventional drip irrigation (CDI) and aerated drip irrigation (ADI). In a randomized micro-plot bucket experiment, 15N-labeled urea was applied at different growth stages of pepper plants to monitor crop growth and nitrogen utilization. Soil organic carbon components and enzyme activities were also analyzed to assess the impact of ADI and nitrogen levels on soil fertility.

Results

Aerated drip irrigation combined 225 kg N·ha⁻1 got the highest carbon pool management index (CPMI) 1.38 and the highest nitrogen use efficiency of 67.26%. Compared to the CDI treatment, ADI treatment led to a 5.74%-25.09% increase in total dry matter accumulation. Enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), cellulase (CMCase), and amylase (AMY) increased by 5.96%-68.71%, 40.55%-81.04%, and 6.06%-14.29%, respectively. Structural equation modeling indicated that soil enzymes contributed to dry matter accumulation by breaking down stable organic carbon into plant-available components, thus enhancing nitrogen utilization.

Conclusions

Applying 225 kg N·ha⁻1 under ADI treatment enhances the mineralization of soil organic carbon by soil enzymes, thereby improving nitrogen use efficiency of pepper plants and ensuring safe and efficient production in greenhouse settings.