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Aims <p>This study investigated how the native legume <i>Pueraria lobata</i> and non-legume <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> suppress the invasive weed <i>Mikania micrantha</i>, focusing on nitrogen fixation's role in competitive outcomes.</p> Methods <p>We conducted controlled experiments measuring biomass, nitrogen content (using <sup>15</sup>N natural abundance method), PNUE and microbial communities (via high-throughput sequencing). Competitive indices and random forest modeling identified key success factors. A 12-month field validation experiment was conducted to assess long-term suppression efficacy under natural conditions.</p> Results <p><i>P. lobata</i> showed superior suppression: (1) <i>P. lobata</i> planted with <i>M. micrantha</i> significantly increased soil nitrogen levels, elevating total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and microbial biomass nitrogen by 16.88%, 25.87%, 8.98%, and 37.63% respectively, whereas <i>I. batatas</i> planted with <i>M. micrantha</i> reduced these indicators by 3.4%, 14.4%, 12.3%, and 15.6%. (2) Co-planting with <i>M. micrantha</i> markedly enhanced nodulation in <i>P. lobata</i>, increasing nitrogenase activity by approximately 253%. (3) <i>P. lobata</i> exhibited significantly higher phosphorus-nitrogen utilization efficiency (PNUE) than <i>M. micrantha</i>. (4) <i>P. lobata</i> demonstrated stronger competitive ability (with a competitive index of 0.76, substantially higher than <i>I. batatas</i>'s 0.36). (5) Field validation confirmed the sustained suppression of <i>M. micrantha</i> growth (coverage &lt; 1%).</p> Conclusions <p><i>P. lobata</i>'s "nitrogen amplification-preemption" strategy effectively controls invasives through nitrogen cycling optimization and multidimensional competition, offering an eco-friendly alternative to chemical control.</p>

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Nitrogen Amplification-Preemption in Pueraria lobata's Suppression of Mikania micrantha: Light-Nitrogen Synergy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

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  • Yao Ma,
  • Xiaoyu Yang,
  • Qiaofang Xu,
  • Weijun Zhou,
  • Weihua Li

摘要

Aims

This study investigated how the native legume Pueraria lobata and non-legume Ipomoea batatas suppress the invasive weed Mikania micrantha, focusing on nitrogen fixation's role in competitive outcomes.

Methods

We conducted controlled experiments measuring biomass, nitrogen content (using 15N natural abundance method), PNUE and microbial communities (via high-throughput sequencing). Competitive indices and random forest modeling identified key success factors. A 12-month field validation experiment was conducted to assess long-term suppression efficacy under natural conditions.

Results

P. lobata showed superior suppression: (1) P. lobata planted with M. micrantha significantly increased soil nitrogen levels, elevating total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and microbial biomass nitrogen by 16.88%, 25.87%, 8.98%, and 37.63% respectively, whereas I. batatas planted with M. micrantha reduced these indicators by 3.4%, 14.4%, 12.3%, and 15.6%. (2) Co-planting with M. micrantha markedly enhanced nodulation in P. lobata, increasing nitrogenase activity by approximately 253%. (3) P. lobata exhibited significantly higher phosphorus-nitrogen utilization efficiency (PNUE) than M. micrantha. (4) P. lobata demonstrated stronger competitive ability (with a competitive index of 0.76, substantially higher than I. batatas's 0.36). (5) Field validation confirmed the sustained suppression of M. micrantha growth (coverage < 1%).

Conclusions

P. lobata's "nitrogen amplification-preemption" strategy effectively controls invasives through nitrogen cycling optimization and multidimensional competition, offering an eco-friendly alternative to chemical control.