Background and Aims <p>Plants contribute significantly to solving food security, maintaining ecological balance, and remediating polluted environments while promoting the carbon and oxygen cycle. However, various types of environmentally induced stresses have adversely affected the growth of plants. Histones, as essential proteins regulating chromatin and packaging DNA in plants, lack information on their functions and internal regulations of phytohormones and redox signaling in stress resistance, despite significant progress in researching coping with various stresses.</p> Result <p>This paper reviews the latest types of histones and their variants, analyzes the functions and mechanisms regulating abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and stress memory to resist stress, focuses on the epigenetic factor regulatory mechanisms and networks of histone stress resistance, and points out the current bottlenecks and gaps.</p> Conclusion <p>Histones are modified or replaced by histone variants, at the promoters of stress-responsive genes to regulate ABA, ET, and ROS pathways and to form stress memories. Different environmental stresses stimulate the production of corresponding histone-modifying enzymes to keep histones in post-translational modification (PTM) equilibrium at each stage of stress. Several epigenetic factors interfere with or synergize with each other to affect the histone stress resistance process. Thus, histones are expected to become important clues for deciphering the mechanisms of plant resilience and breakthroughs for ecological restoration under complex conditions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>