Aims Bamboo forests represent a unique forest ecosystem, where scientific and rational management is essential for enhancing carbon sequestration and ecological functions. Fertilization, as one of the most common and crucial management practices, significantly influences soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a comprehensive multiscale assessment of the effects of different fertilization strategies on these emissions remains limited. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the impacts of various fertilization strategies on soil GHG emissions in bamboo forests, utilizing 264 data sets from 44 studies. Additionally, correlation analysis was employed to examine the influence of environmental factors on these emissions. Results Chemical fertilizer (CF) significantly increased CO2 emissions by 21.3% and N2O emissions by 90.2%, leading to a 47.0% rise in CO2-equivalent emissions. Notably, high-content chemical fertilizers (CF_H) led to significant increases in the emissions of CO2, N2O, and CH4. Biochar addition (BA) reduced N2O emissions by 27.5% despite increasing CO2 emissions by 15.4%. In contrast, silicate fertilizer (SIF) significantly decreased CO2 and N2O emissions by 30.3% and 42.2%, respectively, while low-level nitrogen deposition (ND_L, with the rate lower than 40 kg/ha·a) significantly elevated CO2 and N2O emissions by 19.8% and 37.2%, respectively. The combined application of biochar and chemical fertilizer (BA + CF) increased CO2 emissions by 33.9%. Furthermore, in extremely acidic soil (pH < 4.5) and strongly acidic soils (4.5 < pH < 5.5), fertilization significantly enhanced CO2 emissions by 16.2% and 16.3%, respectively. Conclusions The conventional application rates of biochar-based fertilizers (BF) and SIF can serve as effective alternatives to traditional fertilizers. Although BA was able to reduce N2O emissions compared to CF, while OF (with the average fertilization rate of 13 t/ha·a) and BA + CF were not significant in terms of increase in N2O emissions, and none of the three showed significance in terms of increase in CO2 equivalent, they may still result in higher levels of CO2 emissions. Additionally, factors such as environmental nitrogen deposition, topography, and soil physicochemical properties significantly influence GHG emissions.

Potential effects of fertilization strategies on greenhouse gas emissions from bamboo forest soils

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年10月20日

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Ziliang Zhao,
Dejin Dong,
Yujie Zhao,
Xuekun Cheng,
Zixiang Weng,
Qingyu Liu,
Zhuonan Lou,
Ke Wang,
Ailing Ma,
Wenting Ge,
Hongyan Zhang,
Yongjun Shi,
Yufeng Zhou

摘要

Aims

Bamboo forests represent a unique forest ecosystem, where scientific and rational management is essential for enhancing carbon sequestration and ecological functions. Fertilization, as one of the most common and crucial management practices, significantly influences soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a comprehensive multiscale assessment of the effects of different fertilization strategies on these emissions remains limited.

Methods

A meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the impacts of various fertilization strategies on soil GHG emissions in bamboo forests, utilizing 264 data sets from 44 studies. Additionally, correlation analysis was employed to examine the influence of environmental factors on these emissions.

Results

Chemical fertilizer (CF) significantly increased CO₂ emissions by 21.3% and N₂O emissions by 90.2%, leading to a 47.0% rise in CO₂-equivalent emissions. Notably, high-content chemical fertilizers (CF_H) led to significant increases in the emissions of CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄. Biochar addition (BA) reduced N₂O emissions by 27.5% despite increasing CO₂ emissions by 15.4%. In contrast, silicate fertilizer (SIF) significantly decreased CO₂ and N₂O emissions by 30.3% and 42.2%, respectively, while low-level nitrogen deposition (ND_L, with the rate lower than 40 kg/ha·a) significantly elevated CO₂ and N₂O emissions by 19.8% and 37.2%, respectively. The combined application of biochar and chemical fertilizer (BA + CF) increased CO₂ emissions by 33.9%. Furthermore, in extremely acidic soil (pH < 4.5) and strongly acidic soils (4.5 < pH < 5.5), fertilization significantly enhanced CO₂ emissions by 16.2% and 16.3%, respectively.

Conclusions

The conventional application rates of biochar-based fertilizers (BF) and SIF can serve as effective alternatives to traditional fertilizers. Although BA was able to reduce N₂O emissions compared to CF, while OF (with the average fertilization rate of 13 t/ha·a) and BA + CF were not significant in terms of increase in N₂O emissions, and none of the three showed significance in terms of increase in CO₂ equivalent, they may still result in higher levels of CO₂ emissions. Additionally, factors such as environmental nitrogen deposition, topography, and soil physicochemical properties significantly influence GHG emissions.