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Aims <p>This study seeks to examine the effects of applying <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> (WZ14) inoculation under intercropping between leguminous plants on soil remediation and phytoextraction of copper (Cu) from contaminated soils.</p> Methods <p>A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the phytoextraction efficiency and related environmental factors (soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities and soil microbial communities) of two leguminous plants (<i>Albizzia kalkora</i> Roxb<i>.</i> and <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L<i>.</i>) using monocropping, intercropping and mic-intercropping models.</p> Results <p>Under intercropping of <i>A. kalkora</i> and <i>C. cajan</i> (I_SM), the total biomass of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. was only 46.7% of that of <i>A. kalkora</i>, and applying WZ14 inoculation (I_SM-14) further increased the total biomasses of <i>A. kalkora</i> and <i>C. cajan</i> by 90.6% and 44.8%, respectively. Besides, under I_SM-14 treatment, Cu uptake by <i>C. cajan</i> was 18.6% higher that by <i>A. kalkora</i>. Enhanced phytoremediation of the two plants was associated with WZ14 inoculation, which significantly increased both the enzyme activities, organic carbon, available nitrogen and available potassium in soil<i>.</i> Compared with I_SM, I_SM-14 treatment significantly affected the relative abundance of <i>Proteobacteria</i>, with an increase of 28.8% in the <i>C. cajan</i> and a decrease of 44.4% in <i>A. kalkora</i> soils. Besides, the results of redundancy analyses indicated marked differences between the I_SM and I_SM-14 treatments.</p> Conclusions <p>These results suggest that the application WZ14 inoculation to intercropped <i>A</i>. <i>kalkora</i> and <i>C</i>. <i>cajan</i> significantly influenced the efficiency of Cu removal from Cu-contaminated soils, indicating the potential and feasibility of microbial inoculation in the remediation of Cu-contaminated soils.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Remediation of copper-contaminated soils by applying Paenibacillus polymyxa (WZ14) inoculation under intercropping systems: Mechanism difference between two leguminous plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Zexun Liu,
  • Zaien Xu,
  • Kang Zheng,
  • Xinru Zhang,
  • Xing Yang,
  • Wenye Zhang,
  • Xiangping Guo

摘要

Aims

This study seeks to examine the effects of applying Paenibacillus polymyxa (WZ14) inoculation under intercropping between leguminous plants on soil remediation and phytoextraction of copper (Cu) from contaminated soils.

Methods

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the phytoextraction efficiency and related environmental factors (soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities and soil microbial communities) of two leguminous plants (Albizzia kalkora Roxb. and Cajanus cajan L.) using monocropping, intercropping and mic-intercropping models.

Results

Under intercropping of A. kalkora and C. cajan (I_SM), the total biomass of Cajanus cajan L. was only 46.7% of that of A. kalkora, and applying WZ14 inoculation (I_SM-14) further increased the total biomasses of A. kalkora and C. cajan by 90.6% and 44.8%, respectively. Besides, under I_SM-14 treatment, Cu uptake by C. cajan was 18.6% higher that by A. kalkora. Enhanced phytoremediation of the two plants was associated with WZ14 inoculation, which significantly increased both the enzyme activities, organic carbon, available nitrogen and available potassium in soil. Compared with I_SM, I_SM-14 treatment significantly affected the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, with an increase of 28.8% in the C. cajan and a decrease of 44.4% in A. kalkora soils. Besides, the results of redundancy analyses indicated marked differences between the I_SM and I_SM-14 treatments.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the application WZ14 inoculation to intercropped A. kalkora and C. cajan significantly influenced the efficiency of Cu removal from Cu-contaminated soils, indicating the potential and feasibility of microbial inoculation in the remediation of Cu-contaminated soils.

Graphical Abstract