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Background and aims <p>Phosphorus (P)-efficiency mechanisms in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>&#xa0;L.) under vineyard conditions, particularly at the rhizosphere level, remain poorly explored. The objective of this study was to investigate seasonal dynamics of P-acquisition and -utilization efficiency in grafted grapevines grown under low-P soil conditions.</p> Methods <p>A three-year field experiment was conducted using <i>V. vinifera</i> cultivar Chardonnay grafted onto Kober 5BB rootstock (<i>V. berlandieri</i> × <i>V. riparia</i>) in a vineyard equipped with rhizotrons that allowed direct access to both intact roots and rhizosheath soil. Treatments included unfertilized and P-fertilized vines. We analysed leaf P concentration, rhizosheath soil P fractions, root-exuded carboxylates (malates and citrates), and the expression of <i>inorganic phosphate transporter 1</i> (<i>PHT1</i>) genes in roots and leaves across three key growth stages.</p> Results <p>The most intensive root exudation of citrate and malate occurred after flowering, during the pea-sized berries stage, and was followed by the highest mobilisation of both labile (H₂O- and NaHCO₃-extractable) and sparingly-labile (NaOH-extractable) rhizosheath soil P fractions. High root expression of&#xa0;<i>VvPHT1;1</i>&#xa0;(early response) and&#xa0;<i>VvPHT1;4</i>&#xa0;(late response) enabled prolonged P uptake from flowering to veraison, both critical periods of high P demand. The scion also exhibited efficient P utilisation, with up-regulation of leaf&#xa0;<i>VvPHT1;1</i>&#xa0;during flowering, maintaining leaf P concentrations similar to that of P-fertilised vines.</p> Conclusions <p>Chardonnay grafted onto Kober 5BB rootstock exhibits high P efficiency under low-P soil conditions. Seasonal coordination of rhizosphere P mobilisation and P uptake and allocation via PHT1 transporters effectively sustained the P demand of unfertilised grapevine plants.</p>

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Seasonal dynamics of phosphorus (P) efficiency in grafted Chardonnay grapevines grown under low-P field conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Maja Trailovic,
  • Ljiljana Kostic Kravljanac,
  • Milos Stanojevic,
  • Predrag Bosnic,
  • Nina Nikolic,
  • Slavica Todic,
  • Miroslav Nikolic

摘要

Background and aims

Phosphorus (P)-efficiency mechanisms in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) under vineyard conditions, particularly at the rhizosphere level, remain poorly explored. The objective of this study was to investigate seasonal dynamics of P-acquisition and -utilization efficiency in grafted grapevines grown under low-P soil conditions.

Methods

A three-year field experiment was conducted using V. vinifera cultivar Chardonnay grafted onto Kober 5BB rootstock (V. berlandieri × V. riparia) in a vineyard equipped with rhizotrons that allowed direct access to both intact roots and rhizosheath soil. Treatments included unfertilized and P-fertilized vines. We analysed leaf P concentration, rhizosheath soil P fractions, root-exuded carboxylates (malates and citrates), and the expression of inorganic phosphate transporter 1 (PHT1) genes in roots and leaves across three key growth stages.

Results

The most intensive root exudation of citrate and malate occurred after flowering, during the pea-sized berries stage, and was followed by the highest mobilisation of both labile (H₂O- and NaHCO₃-extractable) and sparingly-labile (NaOH-extractable) rhizosheath soil P fractions. High root expression of VvPHT1;1 (early response) and VvPHT1;4 (late response) enabled prolonged P uptake from flowering to veraison, both critical periods of high P demand. The scion also exhibited efficient P utilisation, with up-regulation of leaf VvPHT1;1 during flowering, maintaining leaf P concentrations similar to that of P-fertilised vines.

Conclusions

Chardonnay grafted onto Kober 5BB rootstock exhibits high P efficiency under low-P soil conditions. Seasonal coordination of rhizosphere P mobilisation and P uptake and allocation via PHT1 transporters effectively sustained the P demand of unfertilised grapevine plants.