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Background and aims <p>Forest ecosystems, serving as critical nodes in global biogeochemical cycles, sustain productivity by modulating nutrient availability. However, the pools of nutrients which modulate tree growth and soil function remain unknown, particularly with regard to their input pathways into forest soils.</p> Methods <p>We quantified Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), and Sodium (Na) concentrations and pools in central Qilian Mountain forest soils (northwest China), with horizon-specific accumulation assessed via Enrichment Factor (EF). Predicted nutrient increments (n-year) and use efficiency (NUE) were modeled to estimate soil enrichment dynamics from atmospheric and litter inputs.</p> Results <p>The results indicated that these nutrients can leach into deeper horizons and accumulate in mineral horizons. The total pools of Ca and Fe (3.08 × 10<sup>3</sup> and 4.43 × 10<sup>3</sup> t) in forest soils of the catchment were the highest, whereas the Mn and Na pools (95.8 and 92.8 t) were the lowest. The EFs of nutrients were highest in moss and litter horizons. The concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Mn in forest soils will likely increase rapidly in the next 30&#xa0;years due to the impact of atmospheric deposition.</p> Conclusions <p>We conclude that litter inputs more Ca than atmospheric deposition, while atmospheric deposition inputs more Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Na than litter. Our findings enrich the research on biogeochemical cycle of elements in forest ecosystems of the Qilian Mountains.</p>

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Nutrient pool and main input pathways of forest soils in the central Qilian Mountains, northwest China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Ruochun Wang,
  • Fei Zang,
  • Jiaojiao Wang,
  • Fangyuan Huang,
  • Chuanyan Zhao

摘要

Background and aims

Forest ecosystems, serving as critical nodes in global biogeochemical cycles, sustain productivity by modulating nutrient availability. However, the pools of nutrients which modulate tree growth and soil function remain unknown, particularly with regard to their input pathways into forest soils.

Methods

We quantified Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), and Sodium (Na) concentrations and pools in central Qilian Mountain forest soils (northwest China), with horizon-specific accumulation assessed via Enrichment Factor (EF). Predicted nutrient increments (n-year) and use efficiency (NUE) were modeled to estimate soil enrichment dynamics from atmospheric and litter inputs.

Results

The results indicated that these nutrients can leach into deeper horizons and accumulate in mineral horizons. The total pools of Ca and Fe (3.08 × 103 and 4.43 × 103 t) in forest soils of the catchment were the highest, whereas the Mn and Na pools (95.8 and 92.8 t) were the lowest. The EFs of nutrients were highest in moss and litter horizons. The concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Mn in forest soils will likely increase rapidly in the next 30 years due to the impact of atmospheric deposition.

Conclusions

We conclude that litter inputs more Ca than atmospheric deposition, while atmospheric deposition inputs more Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Na than litter. Our findings enrich the research on biogeochemical cycle of elements in forest ecosystems of the Qilian Mountains.