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Aims <p>Antimonate (Sb(V)) toxicity to plant health is well-known, while a little is known about its uptake mechanism. The application of phosphate fertilizer is a common practice in agriculture. We aimed to study the interaction of phosphorus (P) and Sb(V) in <i>Salvia spinosa</i> L.</p> Methods <p>The effects of 50 and 300 μM K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> on Sb(V) uptake (0 or 50 μM) were investigated for 2, 4 and 6 days in a hydroponic system.</p> Results <p>K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> (P) treatment increased Sb(V) uptake in Salvia. Sb(V) was mainly accumulated in roots, by 12 times higher than that in shoot. The addition of 300 μM K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> enhanced Sb accumulation by 428 and 26 mg Kg<sup>−1</sup> in roots and shoot, respectively, in 6 day-treated plants. Irrespective of the increase in Sb(V) content in the K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>-treated plants, the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA contents significantly reduced to less than Sb treatment alone, which can be connected to the observed increase in phenols, flavonoids, and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Besides, P treatments suppressed the adverse effects of Sb(V) stress on sugars, proteins, the lipid membrane and subsequently on plant growth.</p> Conclusions <p>The improvement in Sb(V) uptake and accumulation in plant organs is important from the view of Sb(V) removal from the environment, which was achieved in a Sb metallicolous type of <i>S. Spinosa</i> under P treatment. Taken together, P fertilizers can be recommended as an easy and effective practice to enhance uptake of Sb, in parallel with improving plant tolerance to Sb(V) toxicity.</p>

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Role of phosphate on uptake of antimonate coupled with upgrading Salvia spinosa L. tolerance to antimony toxicity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月4日

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  • Shakiba Rajabpoor,
  • Shokoofeh Hajihashemi,
  • Soghra Kiani

摘要

Aims

Antimonate (Sb(V)) toxicity to plant health is well-known, while a little is known about its uptake mechanism. The application of phosphate fertilizer is a common practice in agriculture. We aimed to study the interaction of phosphorus (P) and Sb(V) in Salvia spinosa L.

Methods

The effects of 50 and 300 μM K2HPO4 on Sb(V) uptake (0 or 50 μM) were investigated for 2, 4 and 6 days in a hydroponic system.

Results

K2HPO4 (P) treatment increased Sb(V) uptake in Salvia. Sb(V) was mainly accumulated in roots, by 12 times higher than that in shoot. The addition of 300 μM K2HPO4 enhanced Sb accumulation by 428 and 26 mg Kg−1 in roots and shoot, respectively, in 6 day-treated plants. Irrespective of the increase in Sb(V) content in the K2HPO4-treated plants, the H2O2 and MDA contents significantly reduced to less than Sb treatment alone, which can be connected to the observed increase in phenols, flavonoids, and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Besides, P treatments suppressed the adverse effects of Sb(V) stress on sugars, proteins, the lipid membrane and subsequently on plant growth.

Conclusions

The improvement in Sb(V) uptake and accumulation in plant organs is important from the view of Sb(V) removal from the environment, which was achieved in a Sb metallicolous type of S. Spinosa under P treatment. Taken together, P fertilizers can be recommended as an easy and effective practice to enhance uptake of Sb, in parallel with improving plant tolerance to Sb(V) toxicity.