<p>Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder primarily characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which contributes to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, available therapeutic strategies for diabetes have several limitations, thus it is important to explore natural sources as potential alternatives to these synthetic treatments. The purpose of this study is to determine the antidiabetic effects of bioactive compounds present in winged beans (<i>Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)</i>. This will focus on the current evidence regarding the glycemic control potential of winged beans, including their phytochemical constituents and their roles in various antidiabetic pathways. <i>Psophocarpus tetragonolobus</i>, commonly known as winged bean, is an underutilized legume, and a rich source of nutrients, phenolics, and other bioactive compounds throughout the plant. The antidiabetic potential of winged beans is primarily contributed by anti-nutrients, phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, and peptides. This is expressed through several mechanisms including, inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin-converting enzymes, reduction of diabetes-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, and suppression of advanced glycation end-products formation. Additionally, its high dietary fiber content helps to regulate hyperglycemia by delaying starch digestion and decreasing intestinal permeability. Collectively, winged bean metabolites are involved in the management of hyperglycemia, by lowering postprandial blood glucose levels and minimizing diabetes-related complications. Therefore, it can be concluded that <i>P. tetragonolobus</i> is a rich source of bioactive compounds that exhibit potent hypoglycemic activity. Further studies should be conducted to investigate detailed mechanisms underlying these effects.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>