Appraisal of the pleiotropic signaling effects of phytopigments in glioma therapy: an evidence-based mechanistic overview
摘要
Rising incidences of glioma pose serious threat owing to their incurability and low prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive mechanistic review of the pleiotropic effects of phytopigments on various signaling pathways involved in glioma pathogenesis for the first time. The in vitro, in vivo, and clinical interventions evidencing the implications of phytopigments on glioma are discussed. It also offers current advancements, including nanoformulations and synergistic approaches, which are adopted to augment the pharmacological effects of phytopigments in pre-clinical settings. A defined, broad-spectrum approach employing multi-phytopigments to target signaling pathways relevant to glioma can be applied in clinical interventions to corroborate and summarize their efficacy further.