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<p>Forty-two (42) <i>Etlingera species</i> are found in Borneo, commonly known as wild ginger. Of these, 36 species are indigenous to the region, while six species—including <i>Etlingera coccinea</i>, <i>Etlingera crispata</i>, <i>Etlingera elatior</i>, <i>Etlingera foetens</i>, <i>Etlingera megalocheilos</i>, and <i>Etlingera metriocheilos</i>—are also found beyond Borneo. Eight species hold significant value for local communities, serving roles in traditional medicine, crop production, cosmetics, and personal care. Scientific studies have confirmed six key pharmacological properties in <i>Etlingera species</i>: anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, pest control, and nephroprotective activities. These bioactivities are attributed to the presence of key bioactive compounds such as β-pinene, 1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)heptan-3-yl acetate (etlingerin), curcumin, α-thujene, cyclododecane, and estragole. In modern applications, <i>Etlingera species</i> are utilized in contemporary cuisine, ornamental horticulture, cosmetics, personal care products, and as natural colorants. This overview underscores the importance of <i>Etlingera species</i> to local communities and highlights their relevance in contemporary applications, offering a foundation for identifying species with medicinal and commercial potential in the Borneo region.</p>

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Etlingera Species of Borneo's wild gingers: traditional knowledge, phytochemistry, and modern applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Gilbert Ringgit,
  • Bo Eng Cheong,
  • Muhammad Dawood Shah,
  • Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee

摘要

Forty-two (42) Etlingera species are found in Borneo, commonly known as wild ginger. Of these, 36 species are indigenous to the region, while six species—including Etlingera coccinea, Etlingera crispata, Etlingera elatior, Etlingera foetens, Etlingera megalocheilos, and Etlingera metriocheilos—are also found beyond Borneo. Eight species hold significant value for local communities, serving roles in traditional medicine, crop production, cosmetics, and personal care. Scientific studies have confirmed six key pharmacological properties in Etlingera species: anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, pest control, and nephroprotective activities. These bioactivities are attributed to the presence of key bioactive compounds such as β-pinene, 1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)heptan-3-yl acetate (etlingerin), curcumin, α-thujene, cyclododecane, and estragole. In modern applications, Etlingera species are utilized in contemporary cuisine, ornamental horticulture, cosmetics, personal care products, and as natural colorants. This overview underscores the importance of Etlingera species to local communities and highlights their relevance in contemporary applications, offering a foundation for identifying species with medicinal and commercial potential in the Borneo region.