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<p>The medicinal treatment for leishmaniasis presents several limitations, such as high toxicity, invasive administration, high cost, and increasing parasite resistance to drugs. In this scenario, seeking for better therapeutic alternatives is paramount, and some studies in the literature have already evaluated the leishmanicidal potential of plant species and their alkaloids. In light of this, the present work analyzed studies conducted with some species belonging to the families Apocynaceae, Annonaceae, and Rutaceae, as well as alkaloids belonging to different classes. An important point to highlight is that most studies are incomplete; that is, despite the existence of in vitro studies, there is a lack of in vivo studies, and further investigation of possible mechanisms of action. It appears that species belonging to the Apocynaceae family are a promising source for new antileishmanial drugs and standing out with the species <i>Aspidosperma ramiflorum</i> Muell with its metabolites ramiflorin A, ramiflorin B, usabarin and usabarensin, with alkaloids being responsible for the activity, while the Annonaceae family requires clarification as to whether there is synergy between acetogenins and alkaloids. The class of alkaloid that seems most promising is benzoquinolizidine. In summary, species containing alkaloids and isolated alkaloids may be promising as leishmanicidal agents.</p>

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Medicinal plants as a source of active molecules for the Leishmania parasite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月9日

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  • Juliana Correa-Barbosa,
  • Marcelo Ariel Schulman,
  • Fernanda Rosa da Silva Picanço,
  • Daiana Borges Pereira de Sousa,
  • Adriane Correa da Silva,
  • José Eduardo Gomes Arruda,
  • Sandro Percário,
  • Maria Fâni Dolabela

摘要

The medicinal treatment for leishmaniasis presents several limitations, such as high toxicity, invasive administration, high cost, and increasing parasite resistance to drugs. In this scenario, seeking for better therapeutic alternatives is paramount, and some studies in the literature have already evaluated the leishmanicidal potential of plant species and their alkaloids. In light of this, the present work analyzed studies conducted with some species belonging to the families Apocynaceae, Annonaceae, and Rutaceae, as well as alkaloids belonging to different classes. An important point to highlight is that most studies are incomplete; that is, despite the existence of in vitro studies, there is a lack of in vivo studies, and further investigation of possible mechanisms of action. It appears that species belonging to the Apocynaceae family are a promising source for new antileishmanial drugs and standing out with the species Aspidosperma ramiflorum Muell with its metabolites ramiflorin A, ramiflorin B, usabarin and usabarensin, with alkaloids being responsible for the activity, while the Annonaceae family requires clarification as to whether there is synergy between acetogenins and alkaloids. The class of alkaloid that seems most promising is benzoquinolizidine. In summary, species containing alkaloids and isolated alkaloids may be promising as leishmanicidal agents.