错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Chemistry and toxicity of 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OHMG): an updated review on the oxidized derivative of mitragynine

  • Jegathiswary Ganasan,
  • Thiruventhan Karunakaran,
  • Yathindra Marimuthu,
  • Nurul Najwa Rusmadi,
  • Noor Syarafana Firouz,
  • Janar Jenis,
  • U. Seeta Uthaya Kumar

摘要

In-depth review of the complex chemistry and toxicity profiles of 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OHMG), a psychoactive alkaloid and an oxidative derivative of mitragynine found to be present in the extracts of dried kratom leaves (Mitragyna speciosa). The chemistry of 7-OHMG is thoroughly covered in the study, with special attention paid to its importance as one of the primary psychoactive components found in kratom-based products and substances as well as its profound pharmacological and toxicological effects. Key structural and spectral signatures of 7-OHMG are revealed by spectroscopic investigations, which facilitate its identification and quantification in various matrices. The details on in-vitro and in-vivo research used to investigate the toxicity and safety profile of 7-OHMG were revealed in this review.