<p>Acute intestinal injury caused by radiation is a common and serious issue in multimodal cancer therapy, where radiotherapy plays a crucial role. The study was aimed at comparing the effectiveness of matcha or green tea in mitigating gamma irradiation-induced intestinal injury in Wistar rats by evaluating their potential in modulating the TAK1–TAB pathway. Adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups including a control group (saline), a radiation group (exposed to 4 Gy gamma radiation), a matcha group (received matcha for 14 days), a radiation + matcha group (exposed to 4 Gy gamma radiation and received matcha for 14 days), a green tea group (received green tea for 14 days), and a radiation + green tea group (exposed to 4 Gy gamma radiation and received green tea for 14 days). Matcha and green tea were administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg bw/day for 14 days. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, TAK1, NF-κB, and COX-2 were measured in the intestinal tissue. Results demonstrated that both matcha and green tea treatments effectively counteracted the inflammatory effects of gamma radiation on the intestinal wall by improving the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, TAK1, NF-κB, and COX-2. These biochemical findings were further supported by the histological analysis. However, matcha demonstrated superior results to green tea in improving the levels of these biomarkers in the intestinal tissue of Wistar rats exposed to 4 Gy gamma radiation. These results suggest that matcha might have stronger anti-inflammatory properties than green tea and could be a more effective natural therapy for mitigating radiation-induced intestinal injury.</p>