GC-MS Bioactives Profiling, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Potential of Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) Extracts Against Food-Borne Pathogen Salmonella enteritidis

Salmonellosis is a major food-borne disease in humans worldwide caused by Salmonella enteritidis. Currently, selected phytochemicals are gaining attention as effective substitute therapeutics for management and control of microbial drug resistance. The present investigation appraises the antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of seed and leaf extract from Syzygium cumini against Salmonella enteritidis. Anti-salmonella activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts from seeds and leaves of Syzygium cumini was determined by the agar well diffusion method, whereas minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was estimated by the microtiter broth dilution method. Cytotoxic potential was observed by MTT assay on Vero cell lines. Of the tested extracts, methanolic extract of seeds showed higher antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition (ZOI) 15 ± 0.6 mm and MIC 50 μg/mL. The MTT results indicated more than 50% cell survival at extract concentrations ≤213.1 μg/mL. GC-MS confirmed the presence of several active compounds such as heptanedioic acid, 3-methyl-dimethyl ester, 1,10-dicyanodecane, dimethylmalonic acid, 2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl isohexyl ester, 1,10-dicyanodecane, etc. The present results support the potential uses of the methanolic extract of Syzygies cumini seeds as an alternative antibacterial agent/antibiotic against Salmonella enteritidis with a safe cytotoxic profile.