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<p>Red Cherry Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>, local cultivar ‘Akabare chili’) is one of the important cash crops grown in the eastern and western parts of Nepal as well as in Sikkim, India. In this study, potential use of a low-cost gliding arc discharge (GAD) plasma system to enhance seed germination and vigor of Red Cherry Pepper was studied. At first, electrical and optical characteristics were studied on the basis of gas flow rates and applied voltages. In addition to these, the seeds of Red Cherry Pepper were treated with plasma plume. Favorable seed treatment conditions were identified at 24 V and 14 LPM, which maximized reactive species generation while maintaining the seed temperature below (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(&lt;\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(39^{\,\circ }\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>C). Direct treatment of seeds with GAD plasma altered their surface properties, as confirmed by contact angle measurements, conductivity tests, FTIR, and SEM analyses. Germination test reveals that a 120 s plasma treatment increased germination from 54% (control) to 64%, improved the germination index by 56%, and reduced mean germination time by 8% compared to the control. A 180 s treatment further enhanced vigor index I by 29%, but also increased non-viable seeds, indicating a threshold for optimal exposure. These results demonstrate that low-cost GAD plasma is an effective and scalable method for improving germination performance of Red Cherry Pepper seeds when optimized at 120 s treatment time and at 24 V and 14 LPM.</p>

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Influence of Gliding Arc Plasma Treatment on Germination Performance and Seedling Vigor of Red Cherry Pepper

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Santosh Dhungana,
  • Abhijit Mishra,
  • Mukunda Bhattarai,
  • Raju Khanal,
  • Hom Bahadur Baniya

摘要

Red Cherry Pepper (Capsicum annuum, local cultivar ‘Akabare chili’) is one of the important cash crops grown in the eastern and western parts of Nepal as well as in Sikkim, India. In this study, potential use of a low-cost gliding arc discharge (GAD) plasma system to enhance seed germination and vigor of Red Cherry Pepper was studied. At first, electrical and optical characteristics were studied on the basis of gas flow rates and applied voltages. In addition to these, the seeds of Red Cherry Pepper were treated with plasma plume. Favorable seed treatment conditions were identified at 24 V and 14 LPM, which maximized reactive species generation while maintaining the seed temperature below ( \(<\) \(39^{\,\circ }\) C). Direct treatment of seeds with GAD plasma altered their surface properties, as confirmed by contact angle measurements, conductivity tests, FTIR, and SEM analyses. Germination test reveals that a 120 s plasma treatment increased germination from 54% (control) to 64%, improved the germination index by 56%, and reduced mean germination time by 8% compared to the control. A 180 s treatment further enhanced vigor index I by 29%, but also increased non-viable seeds, indicating a threshold for optimal exposure. These results demonstrate that low-cost GAD plasma is an effective and scalable method for improving germination performance of Red Cherry Pepper seeds when optimized at 120 s treatment time and at 24 V and 14 LPM.