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<p>The combustion of carbon-free fuels, such as hydrogen-ammonia blends - promising candidates for long-haul transportation, can result in elevated nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) emissions. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactors offer a compelling non-thermal and non-catalytic approach for dynamic NO<sub>x</sub> abatement. In this study, we evaluated the performance of conventional DBD and membrane DBD (mDBD) reactor configurations for the direct decomposition of NO<sub>x</sub>. Our results demonstrated that both systems can achieve over 90% NO<sub>x</sub> reduction at high plasma power. Notably, under lower power conditions and high flow rates, the mDBD configuration achieves up to 15% higher NO<sub>x</sub> reduction compared to the conventional DBD. Species-resolved analysis indicates preferential removal of NO<sub>2</sub> in both configurations, while NO abatement is limited by NO<sub>2</sub> back-reactions that regenerate NO. The improved performance of mDBD under low-power high flow rate conditions is attributed to enhanced micro-discharge activity, driven by radial gas flow that disrupts charge accumulation on the membrane surface, and extended gas residence time in the plasma zone, which increases the likelihood of reduction reactions. These findings highlight the advantages of integrating porous dielectrics into DBD reactors and underscore the need for future research to reduce energy consumption and evaluate membrane durability for practical, real-world plasma-assisted NO<sub>x</sub> abatement.</p>

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Direct Nitrogen Oxides Abatement via Atmospheric Pressure Conventional and Membrane Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Yicheng Zhang,
  • Visal Veng,
  • Dimitris Assanis,
  • Noah Van Dam,
  • John Hunter Mack,
  • Juan Pablo Trelles

摘要

The combustion of carbon-free fuels, such as hydrogen-ammonia blends - promising candidates for long-haul transportation, can result in elevated nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactors offer a compelling non-thermal and non-catalytic approach for dynamic NOx abatement. In this study, we evaluated the performance of conventional DBD and membrane DBD (mDBD) reactor configurations for the direct decomposition of NOx. Our results demonstrated that both systems can achieve over 90% NOx reduction at high plasma power. Notably, under lower power conditions and high flow rates, the mDBD configuration achieves up to 15% higher NOx reduction compared to the conventional DBD. Species-resolved analysis indicates preferential removal of NO2 in both configurations, while NO abatement is limited by NO2 back-reactions that regenerate NO. The improved performance of mDBD under low-power high flow rate conditions is attributed to enhanced micro-discharge activity, driven by radial gas flow that disrupts charge accumulation on the membrane surface, and extended gas residence time in the plasma zone, which increases the likelihood of reduction reactions. These findings highlight the advantages of integrating porous dielectrics into DBD reactors and underscore the need for future research to reduce energy consumption and evaluate membrane durability for practical, real-world plasma-assisted NOx abatement.