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<p>The present study was conducted to examine the mediating role of intrinsic religious orientation and <i>ikhlaas</i> (sincerity or purity of intention) between religious emphasis and spiritual well-being. A cross-sectional research design with a purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from <i>N</i> = 702 participants from Sargodha, Gujranwala, and Lahore cities of the Punjab province, Pakistan. Data were collected from three age groups: young adults (18–35), middle-aged adults (36–55), and older adults (56–75). The Urdu versions of the Religious Emphasis Scale, Ikhlaas Scale (Yousaf and Adil, Journal of Religion and Health 63:3878–3905, 2024), and Spiritual Well-being Scale were used to measure religious emphasis, religious orientation, ikhlaas, and spiritual well-being, respectively. Results revealed that religious emphasis is a significant positive predictor of ikhlaas but a nonsignificant predictor of spiritual well-being. Moreover, intrinsic religious orientation is a positive predictor of ikhlaas and spiritual well-being. The results further revealed that intrinsic religious orientation and ikhlaas serially mediate between religious emphasis and spiritual well-being. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies are also discussed.</p>

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The Mediating Role of Intrinsic Religious Orientation and Ikhlaas Between Religious Emphasis and Spiritual Well-Being Among Muslim Adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月14日

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  • Anam Yousaf,
  • Adnan Adil,
  • Wajeeha Tahir

摘要

The present study was conducted to examine the mediating role of intrinsic religious orientation and ikhlaas (sincerity or purity of intention) between religious emphasis and spiritual well-being. A cross-sectional research design with a purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from N = 702 participants from Sargodha, Gujranwala, and Lahore cities of the Punjab province, Pakistan. Data were collected from three age groups: young adults (18–35), middle-aged adults (36–55), and older adults (56–75). The Urdu versions of the Religious Emphasis Scale, Ikhlaas Scale (Yousaf and Adil, Journal of Religion and Health 63:3878–3905, 2024), and Spiritual Well-being Scale were used to measure religious emphasis, religious orientation, ikhlaas, and spiritual well-being, respectively. Results revealed that religious emphasis is a significant positive predictor of ikhlaas but a nonsignificant predictor of spiritual well-being. Moreover, intrinsic religious orientation is a positive predictor of ikhlaas and spiritual well-being. The results further revealed that intrinsic religious orientation and ikhlaas serially mediate between religious emphasis and spiritual well-being. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies are also discussed.