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<p>Isothermal oxidation of Laser Powder Bed-Fused (L-PBF) IN625 was investigated in air at 950&#xa0;℃ for 1000&#xa0;h, across multiple heat-treated and surface conditions. Surface finish was the dominant factor influencing oxidation kinetics, with microstructure exerting a measurable secondary effect. Ground L-PBF IN625 exhibited oxidation behaviour comparable to wrought Ni-based superalloys, regardless of microstructural anisotropy. Additive surface roughness and Centrifugal High Energy Finished surfaces exhibited accelerated kinetics and a departure from sub-parabolic to cubic behaviour, showing spallation, severe void formation and intergranular oxidation. Segmented kinetic analysis revealed that additive surfaces exhibited an oxidation rate index (<i>n</i> &gt; 2) during early exposure, followed by a transition to slower growth. Mn-spinel was detected throughout the external scale, but its mechanistic contribution to this transition remains uncertain. Growth of the near-continuous Ni<sub>3</sub>(Nb, Mo) <i>δ</i>-phase varied by condition and is proposed to improve the adherence of chromia by increasing the critical temperature change for spallation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The Effect of Microstructure and Surface Finish on the High Temperature Oxidation of Laser Powder Bed Fused IN625

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • E. R. Lewis,
  • A. C. Cruchley,
  • B. Attard,
  • Z. Gao,
  • N. Cruchley,
  • M. M. Attallah,
  • S. Cruchley

摘要

Isothermal oxidation of Laser Powder Bed-Fused (L-PBF) IN625 was investigated in air at 950 ℃ for 1000 h, across multiple heat-treated and surface conditions. Surface finish was the dominant factor influencing oxidation kinetics, with microstructure exerting a measurable secondary effect. Ground L-PBF IN625 exhibited oxidation behaviour comparable to wrought Ni-based superalloys, regardless of microstructural anisotropy. Additive surface roughness and Centrifugal High Energy Finished surfaces exhibited accelerated kinetics and a departure from sub-parabolic to cubic behaviour, showing spallation, severe void formation and intergranular oxidation. Segmented kinetic analysis revealed that additive surfaces exhibited an oxidation rate index (n > 2) during early exposure, followed by a transition to slower growth. Mn-spinel was detected throughout the external scale, but its mechanistic contribution to this transition remains uncertain. Growth of the near-continuous Ni3(Nb, Mo) δ-phase varied by condition and is proposed to improve the adherence of chromia by increasing the critical temperature change for spallation.

Graphical Abstract