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<p>Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) is one of the most significant legume crops, valued for its widespread use in various diets. Ethiopia is a leading producer of chickpeas in Africa, generating substantial economic opportunities. However, the crop faces significant post-harvest challenges, primarily from insect pests such as <i>Callosobruchus chinensis</i>. Farmers often rely on synthetic insecticides to mitigate these losses, which can have adverse effects on human health and the environment. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of selected plant powders, namely <i>Millettia ferruginea</i> seed powder (<i>Mf</i>SP), <i>Clematis simeti</i> leaf powder (<i>Cs</i>LP), <i>Calpurnia aurea</i> leaf powder (<i>Ca</i>LP), <i>Acokanthera schimperi</i> leaf powder (<i>As</i>LP), and <i>Maesa lanceolata</i> leaf powder (<i>Ml</i>LP) against <i>C. chinensis</i> under laboratory conditions. The efficacy of these plants was evaluated by applying each concentration of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% w/w powder to coat chickpea seeds at 24-, 48-, and 72-h post-treatment, as well as grain quality protection and seed germination after 60&#xa0;days. All five botanical powders exhibited significant insecticidal activity (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) against <i>C. chinensis.</i> Among them, <i>Ca</i>LP demonstrated the highest efficacy, achieving 100% mortality at a dosage of 10% w/w after 48&#xa0;h and effectively reducing weight loss caused by <i>C. chinensis</i>. In contrast, <i>Ml</i>LP exhibited lower efficacy (11.11%) at a lower dose (5%) over 24&#xa0;h. Notably, at lower concentrations, <i>Ml</i>LP resulted in greater weight loss (1.6%) but did not adversely affect chickpea seed germination. These findings suggest that the evaluated botanical powders can effectively control <i>C. chinensis</i> in chickpeas, particularly at higher concentrations and with prolonged exposure times. The application of these plant-based solutions effectively protects chickpeas from insect pests. Further research is recommended, including extracting phytochemicals, optimizing formulations of these plant products, investigating the mode of action of these botanicals, and assessing their shelf-life stability.</p>

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The insecticidal activity of selected botanical powders against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) under laboratory conditions

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月23日

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  • Moges Alemu Wondie,
  • Getnet Atenafu Abate

摘要

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most significant legume crops, valued for its widespread use in various diets. Ethiopia is a leading producer of chickpeas in Africa, generating substantial economic opportunities. However, the crop faces significant post-harvest challenges, primarily from insect pests such as Callosobruchus chinensis. Farmers often rely on synthetic insecticides to mitigate these losses, which can have adverse effects on human health and the environment. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of selected plant powders, namely Millettia ferruginea seed powder (MfSP), Clematis simeti leaf powder (CsLP), Calpurnia aurea leaf powder (CaLP), Acokanthera schimperi leaf powder (AsLP), and Maesa lanceolata leaf powder (MlLP) against C. chinensis under laboratory conditions. The efficacy of these plants was evaluated by applying each concentration of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% w/w powder to coat chickpea seeds at 24-, 48-, and 72-h post-treatment, as well as grain quality protection and seed germination after 60 days. All five botanical powders exhibited significant insecticidal activity (P < 0.05) against C. chinensis. Among them, CaLP demonstrated the highest efficacy, achieving 100% mortality at a dosage of 10% w/w after 48 h and effectively reducing weight loss caused by C. chinensis. In contrast, MlLP exhibited lower efficacy (11.11%) at a lower dose (5%) over 24 h. Notably, at lower concentrations, MlLP resulted in greater weight loss (1.6%) but did not adversely affect chickpea seed germination. These findings suggest that the evaluated botanical powders can effectively control C. chinensis in chickpeas, particularly at higher concentrations and with prolonged exposure times. The application of these plant-based solutions effectively protects chickpeas from insect pests. Further research is recommended, including extracting phytochemicals, optimizing formulations of these plant products, investigating the mode of action of these botanicals, and assessing their shelf-life stability.