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<p>This manuscript presents a computationally designed, tunable metamaterial absorber for the terahertz (THz) regime, leveraging the phase-change properties of vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) to achieve exceptional performance. The proposed structure features a patterned stack of VO<sub>2</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> layers atop a gold ground plane, engineered for ultra-broadband absorption. Numerical simulations using the finite-element method demonstrate that in its metallic phase, the absorber achieves over 90% absorption across a remarkable bandwidth of 3.38 to 11.86 THz, corresponding to a high relative absorption bandwidth exceeding 110%. The underlying physical mechanisms of near-perfect absorption are elucidated through impedance matching theory and interference cancellation models, with perfect impedance matching confirmed at the peak absorption frequency of 11.04 THz. Furthermore, the design exhibits significant practical advantages, including wide-angle robustness, maintaining over 80% absorption for incident angles up to 41<sup>◦</sup>, and complete polarization-insensitivity due to its four-fold symmetry. An analysis of the extinction ratio reveals consistent energy losses exceeding − 7 dB across the operational band. These findings, coupled with a detailed parametric study and field distribution analysis, establish this VO<sub>2</sub> based metamaterial absorber as a highly efficient, tunable, and practical candidate for advanced THz applications such as energy harvesting, imaging, and photodetection.</p>

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Numerical simulation of a tunable broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber with wide-angle robustness based on a concentric multi-square ring VO2 design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • K. Hadi,
  • B. Rezaei

摘要

This manuscript presents a computationally designed, tunable metamaterial absorber for the terahertz (THz) regime, leveraging the phase-change properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2) to achieve exceptional performance. The proposed structure features a patterned stack of VO2 and SiO2 layers atop a gold ground plane, engineered for ultra-broadband absorption. Numerical simulations using the finite-element method demonstrate that in its metallic phase, the absorber achieves over 90% absorption across a remarkable bandwidth of 3.38 to 11.86 THz, corresponding to a high relative absorption bandwidth exceeding 110%. The underlying physical mechanisms of near-perfect absorption are elucidated through impedance matching theory and interference cancellation models, with perfect impedance matching confirmed at the peak absorption frequency of 11.04 THz. Furthermore, the design exhibits significant practical advantages, including wide-angle robustness, maintaining over 80% absorption for incident angles up to 41◦, and complete polarization-insensitivity due to its four-fold symmetry. An analysis of the extinction ratio reveals consistent energy losses exceeding − 7 dB across the operational band. These findings, coupled with a detailed parametric study and field distribution analysis, establish this VO2 based metamaterial absorber as a highly efficient, tunable, and practical candidate for advanced THz applications such as energy harvesting, imaging, and photodetection.