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<p>This work presents a theoretical study of a label-free optical biosensor based on a cavity configuration sandwiched within a one-dimensional photonic crystal for tuberculosis (TB) detection through refractive index changes in blood. The proposed structure consists of periodic Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> multilayer stacks (<i>N</i> = 5) on both sides of a central defect cavity containing the analyte layer, forming a metal-free resonant configuration. Thin MgF<sub>2</sub> layers are introduced adjacent to the analyte region to enhance chemical stability, reduce surface oxidation effects, and improve optical confinement. The optical response of the structure is analyzed using the Transfer Matrix Method in the infrared spectral regime, demonstrating strong localization of defect modes within the photonic bandgap. A clear linear dependence between resonance wavelength shifts and analyte refractive index is observed, yielding a maximum sensitivity of ~ 525&#xa0;nm/RIU, a quality factor ~ 6520 and a figure of merit 2650 RIU<sup>− 1</sup> for an optimized analyte thickness of 700&#xa0;nm. Comprehensive performance evaluation including Quality Factor, Figure of Merit, and Full Width at Half Maximum for different angular incidence confirms the robustness, tunability, and high sensing performance of the proposed design. These findings indicate that the proposed cavity configuration in a one-dimensional photonic crystal could be useful for point-of-care optical diagnostics of infectious diseases.</p>

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Novel 1D photonic crystal biosensor for the detection of tuberculosis in blood samples

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Trinath Mukherjee,
  • Mohammad Abu Saqib Alam Ansari,
  • Anup Kumar Sharma,
  • Suman Patra,
  • Pousali Bag,
  • Soumyaditya Sutradhar,
  • Swarniv Chandra,
  • Rupam Mukherjee,
  • Amit Ranjan Maity,
  • Samir Kumar,
  • Partha Sona Maji

摘要

This work presents a theoretical study of a label-free optical biosensor based on a cavity configuration sandwiched within a one-dimensional photonic crystal for tuberculosis (TB) detection through refractive index changes in blood. The proposed structure consists of periodic Si/SiO2 multilayer stacks (N = 5) on both sides of a central defect cavity containing the analyte layer, forming a metal-free resonant configuration. Thin MgF2 layers are introduced adjacent to the analyte region to enhance chemical stability, reduce surface oxidation effects, and improve optical confinement. The optical response of the structure is analyzed using the Transfer Matrix Method in the infrared spectral regime, demonstrating strong localization of defect modes within the photonic bandgap. A clear linear dependence between resonance wavelength shifts and analyte refractive index is observed, yielding a maximum sensitivity of ~ 525 nm/RIU, a quality factor ~ 6520 and a figure of merit 2650 RIU− 1 for an optimized analyte thickness of 700 nm. Comprehensive performance evaluation including Quality Factor, Figure of Merit, and Full Width at Half Maximum for different angular incidence confirms the robustness, tunability, and high sensing performance of the proposed design. These findings indicate that the proposed cavity configuration in a one-dimensional photonic crystal could be useful for point-of-care optical diagnostics of infectious diseases.