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<p>In this work, we look at how Li’s flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam (LFTGVB) propagates in a chiral medium. The analysis is based on the ABCD matrix method together with the Huygens–Fresnel integral, which allows us to describe the beam evolution during propagation. It is found that the beam splits into two parts: a left circularly polarized (LCP) component and a right circularly polarized (RCP) component. These two components do not behave in the same way and are affected by the chiral parameter, the wavelength, and the beam waist. When the chiral parameter becomes larger, the LCP component accelerates more clearly, while the RCP component shows a weaker change. This result highlights how the chiral medium influences the beam and helps to better understand the behavior of vortex beams, with possible applications in beam sorting and optical manipulation.</p>

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Evolution of Li’s flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam in chiral media

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Fatiha Boufalah,
  • Latifa Dalil-Essakali,
  • Abdelmajid Belafhal

摘要

In this work, we look at how Li’s flat-topped Gaussian vortex beam (LFTGVB) propagates in a chiral medium. The analysis is based on the ABCD matrix method together with the Huygens–Fresnel integral, which allows us to describe the beam evolution during propagation. It is found that the beam splits into two parts: a left circularly polarized (LCP) component and a right circularly polarized (RCP) component. These two components do not behave in the same way and are affected by the chiral parameter, the wavelength, and the beam waist. When the chiral parameter becomes larger, the LCP component accelerates more clearly, while the RCP component shows a weaker change. This result highlights how the chiral medium influences the beam and helps to better understand the behavior of vortex beams, with possible applications in beam sorting and optical manipulation.