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<p>This study demonstrates the effect of incorporating PbO<sub>2</sub> on the optical and gamma-ray shielding properties of bismuth-europium-borate (BiEu) glass systems. The properties of these new glass systems may provide a suitable alternative for optical-radiation shielding applications. Four glass samples (BiEu1–BiEu4) containing PbO<sub>2</sub> (18–27&#xa0;mol%) were fabricated using the melt-quenching method. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed a red shift in the absorption edge implying that non-bridged oxygen species (NBOs) were formed suggesting an increase in PbO<sub>2</sub> concentration affected the final glass network changing local structure. The optical bandgap energies reduced from 3.056&#xa0;eV to 2.935&#xa0;eV (direct) and from 2.831&#xa0;eV to 2.719&#xa0;eV (indirect), a result of increased polarizability from PbO<sub>2</sub> and an overall increase in density. Theoretical radiation shielding parameters were obtained using the Phy-X/PSD software at photon energy levels between 0.122 and 0.867&#xa0;MeV. BiEu4 showed significantly better shielding properties than all other compositions down to the individual measurements, having the lowest half-value layer (HVL = 0.070&#xa0;cm at 0.122&#xa0;MeV), the highest mass attenuation coefficient (MAC = 1.959 cm<sup>2</sup>/g), and the highest effective atomic number (Z<sub>eff</sub> = 57.49). The findings suggest that an increase in PbO<sub>2</sub> significantly contributes to the optical and shielding properties of each composition, along with increases in both densities. The BiEu4 composition appears to be an excellent candidate for advanced optical-radiation shielding applications, particularly in medical, nuclear, and aerospace systems.</p>

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Impact of PbO2 incorporation on optical and gamma-ray shielding properties of bismuth-europium-borate glasses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • M. I. Sayyed,
  • J. S. Ashwajeet,
  • M. N. Raghavendra,
  • Mohamed Y. Hanfi

摘要

This study demonstrates the effect of incorporating PbO2 on the optical and gamma-ray shielding properties of bismuth-europium-borate (BiEu) glass systems. The properties of these new glass systems may provide a suitable alternative for optical-radiation shielding applications. Four glass samples (BiEu1–BiEu4) containing PbO2 (18–27 mol%) were fabricated using the melt-quenching method. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed a red shift in the absorption edge implying that non-bridged oxygen species (NBOs) were formed suggesting an increase in PbO2 concentration affected the final glass network changing local structure. The optical bandgap energies reduced from 3.056 eV to 2.935 eV (direct) and from 2.831 eV to 2.719 eV (indirect), a result of increased polarizability from PbO2 and an overall increase in density. Theoretical radiation shielding parameters were obtained using the Phy-X/PSD software at photon energy levels between 0.122 and 0.867 MeV. BiEu4 showed significantly better shielding properties than all other compositions down to the individual measurements, having the lowest half-value layer (HVL = 0.070 cm at 0.122 MeV), the highest mass attenuation coefficient (MAC = 1.959 cm2/g), and the highest effective atomic number (Zeff = 57.49). The findings suggest that an increase in PbO2 significantly contributes to the optical and shielding properties of each composition, along with increases in both densities. The BiEu4 composition appears to be an excellent candidate for advanced optical-radiation shielding applications, particularly in medical, nuclear, and aerospace systems.