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<p>A dual-band graphene-based plasmonic bandpass filter with hybrid post-fabrication tunability is presented for terahertz (THz) networks. The proposed structure consists of a graphene nanoribbon waveguide coupled to two sets of branched resonant stubs placed on a silica substrate and covered with an azo-dye-doped liquid crystal (LC) layer. In the designed structure post-fabrication hybrid tunability is achieved by two elements which are electrical control via graphene chemical potential and all-optical control through laser-induced reorientation of LC molecules. Numerical simulations show two controllable passbands centered near 2 THz and 5.75 THz accompanied by deep reflection minima below − 33 dB. The all-optical tuning method enables continuous frequency reconfiguration by modifying the effective permittivity of the LC layer, while electrical gating provides a complementary tuning channel through carrier-density modulation in graphene. An analytical model based on the transmission-line method (TLM) is developed by the electrostatic scaling law (ESL) to validate the full-wave results and provide physical insight. The analytical predictions show excellent agreement with full-wave simulations, with frequency deviations below 5%. The loaded quality factors are extracted as 20 and 31 for the lower and upper bands, respectively. Owing to its compact footprint (350&#xa0;nm × 420&#xa0;nm), dual-band operation, and independent hybrid tunability, the proposed filter is a strong candidate for reconfigurable integrated THz plasmonic systems.</p>

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Post-fabrication tunable dual-band bandpass THz plasmonic filter with optical LC control and electrically tuned graphene

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Iman Razmkhah,
  • Zahra Adelpour,
  • Mojtaba Sadeghi

摘要

A dual-band graphene-based plasmonic bandpass filter with hybrid post-fabrication tunability is presented for terahertz (THz) networks. The proposed structure consists of a graphene nanoribbon waveguide coupled to two sets of branched resonant stubs placed on a silica substrate and covered with an azo-dye-doped liquid crystal (LC) layer. In the designed structure post-fabrication hybrid tunability is achieved by two elements which are electrical control via graphene chemical potential and all-optical control through laser-induced reorientation of LC molecules. Numerical simulations show two controllable passbands centered near 2 THz and 5.75 THz accompanied by deep reflection minima below − 33 dB. The all-optical tuning method enables continuous frequency reconfiguration by modifying the effective permittivity of the LC layer, while electrical gating provides a complementary tuning channel through carrier-density modulation in graphene. An analytical model based on the transmission-line method (TLM) is developed by the electrostatic scaling law (ESL) to validate the full-wave results and provide physical insight. The analytical predictions show excellent agreement with full-wave simulations, with frequency deviations below 5%. The loaded quality factors are extracted as 20 and 31 for the lower and upper bands, respectively. Owing to its compact footprint (350 nm × 420 nm), dual-band operation, and independent hybrid tunability, the proposed filter is a strong candidate for reconfigurable integrated THz plasmonic systems.