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<p>Undoped and Co-doped ZnO films were deposited on glass substrates by dip-coating. The sol-gel technique was employed to prepare a series of precursor solutions by dissolving zinc acetate dihydrate (ZnAc) and stochiometric amounts of cobalt acetate dihydrate (CoAc) in 2-methoxyethanol to achieve target Co concentrations of 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%, with the addition of mono-ethanolamine (MEA) as a stabilizer. All films were subsequently annealed for 2&#xa0;h 30&#xa0;min at 500&#xa0;°C. To investigate the effect of Co doping, and understand the morphological, structural, and optical characteristics of the films, several techniques were employed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of all films showed hexagonal crystals of the ZnO wurtzite phase with nanometric crystallite sizes (less than 20&#xa0;nm). The AFM images revealed irregularly shaped grains with a non-uniform surface distribution. All samples exhibited high transmittance in the visible region and a strong absorption edge in the UV region. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed a non-monotonic evolution of the UV emission and a general quenching of the visible band with Co concentration. Photocatalysis showed a progressive improvement as the Co doping increases. In contrast, the antibacterial activity revealed a divergence at 7% doping, where efficacy against E. coli decreased while the inhibition of S. aureus continued to increase.</p>

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Effect of Co doping on the structural, optical, photocatalytic and antibacterial activity properties of ZnO thin films

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Amina Zaabat,
  • B. Boudine,
  • O. Halimi,
  • R. Zaabat,
  • M. Sebais,
  • A. Bellachia,
  • N. Kacem Chaouche

摘要

Undoped and Co-doped ZnO films were deposited on glass substrates by dip-coating. The sol-gel technique was employed to prepare a series of precursor solutions by dissolving zinc acetate dihydrate (ZnAc) and stochiometric amounts of cobalt acetate dihydrate (CoAc) in 2-methoxyethanol to achieve target Co concentrations of 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%, with the addition of mono-ethanolamine (MEA) as a stabilizer. All films were subsequently annealed for 2 h 30 min at 500 °C. To investigate the effect of Co doping, and understand the morphological, structural, and optical characteristics of the films, several techniques were employed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of all films showed hexagonal crystals of the ZnO wurtzite phase with nanometric crystallite sizes (less than 20 nm). The AFM images revealed irregularly shaped grains with a non-uniform surface distribution. All samples exhibited high transmittance in the visible region and a strong absorption edge in the UV region. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed a non-monotonic evolution of the UV emission and a general quenching of the visible band with Co concentration. Photocatalysis showed a progressive improvement as the Co doping increases. In contrast, the antibacterial activity revealed a divergence at 7% doping, where efficacy against E. coli decreased while the inhibition of S. aureus continued to increase.