Electromagnetic soliton generation in an over-dense high temperature plasma through laser-plasma interaction under strong magnetic field
摘要
Laser propagation through a homogeneous over-dense plasma under the impact of strong magnetic field and subsequent generation of electromagnetic soliton in the plasma is investigated using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with the EPOCH-4.17.10 framework. Electron density cavity is formed in which electromagnetic field is tapped, leading to the generation of soliton. The electrostatic field inside soliton attains a 1-cycle structure in space, though the transverse magnetic and electric fields have 1-cycle and 1/2-cycle structures, respectively. A theoretical model is developed that confirms the formation of density cavity and appearance of electromagnetic field at its location. The model also produces the results consistent to the simulation results that the soliton amplitude is decreased and its width is increased under the effect of higher temperature and stronger external magnetic field. The stability of the soliton depends on the magnitude of external magnetic field and ion mass. The cavity as well as the electromagnetic field are not well localized for the case of massive ions such as helium and carbon ions considered in the present investigation. For much stronger external magnetic field, the soliton’s field and cavity structure are perturbed, leading to some instabilities. Our theoretical model infers a critical value of the magnetic field for the development of such unstable structure. A smaller amplitude soliton for heavier ions is observed with decreased stability. The formation of density cavity and appearance of electromagnetic field at its location is also confirmed by 2-D simulations, showing similar kinds of propagation characteristics of the soliton under the effect of temperature of plasma species and external magnetic field.