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<p>In this paper, we elaborate the analytical propagation expression for a double-half inverse Gaussian hollow beam (DHIGH) in a uniaxial crystal perpendicular to the optical axis, and the normalized intensity characteristics and the phase pattern of this optical field are analyzed with several numerical calculations. It is demonstrated that the intensity of the DHIGH beam exhibits astigmatism, with its evolution upon propagation being highly influenced by the initial beam’s diameter and the refractive index ratio of the anisotropic crystal. The finding could contribute to the advancement of hollow beams in anisotropic media.</p>

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Evolution characteristics of double-half inverse gaussian hollow beams in uniaxial crystals

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月3日

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  • M. Yaalou,
  • M. Lazrek,
  • Z. Hricha,
  • A. Belafhal

摘要

In this paper, we elaborate the analytical propagation expression for a double-half inverse Gaussian hollow beam (DHIGH) in a uniaxial crystal perpendicular to the optical axis, and the normalized intensity characteristics and the phase pattern of this optical field are analyzed with several numerical calculations. It is demonstrated that the intensity of the DHIGH beam exhibits astigmatism, with its evolution upon propagation being highly influenced by the initial beam’s diameter and the refractive index ratio of the anisotropic crystal. The finding could contribute to the advancement of hollow beams in anisotropic media.