Optical solitons with conformable fractional evolution for the (3+1)-dimensional Sasa–Satsuma equation

This study delves into utilizing the Kudryashov auxiliary equation method on the time-fractional (3+1)-dimensional Sasa–Satsuma equation, pivotal for transmitting ultra-fast pulses in optical fibers. The main aim is to generate a variety of optical solitons for the time-fractional nonlinear (3+1)-dimensional Sasa–Satsuma model, including dark, bright, singular, and straddled solitons. These solitons are derived from exponential and hyperbolic function-type solutions, presenting novel findings not previously reported. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the implemented method in deriving analytical solutions for fractional differential equations. The (3+1)-dimensional Sasa–Satsuma model’s potential in optical fiber transmission is highlighted, offering significant insights into generating optical solitons and their applications.