Bio-nanocomposites of CS-CuO-AgO from wild shrimp extract via PLA-H method for against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria

In this work, CuO-AgO nanocomposite (NCs) merged with chitosan extract and prepared using two different techniques, hydrothermal (H)and Pulsed laser ablation (PLA), as a new method named PLA-H. This study aims to find a more suitable method to prepare CS-CuO-AgO NCs. we used a (Nd: YAG) laser operated under the following particular parameters to fabricate a series of nanocomposites: pulse number of 500; wavelength of 1064 nm; energy output of 100 mJ; frequency of 1 Hz, then the reaction mixture (CS-AgO-CuO) was transferred to the autoclave and kept in the oven for 18 h at 100 °C, after that, the autoclave cooled down to room temperature. The resulting CS-AgO-CuO NC powders were dried in air at room temperature. The samples were collected for characteristics XRD and FE-SEM analysis, UV–vis, and PL spectra. The average crystallite size of CuO-AgO NCs that were prepared using chitosan extract was 13.4 nm with an FCC and hexagonal and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), which is used to characterize the structural, morphology, FESEM images confirmed that particles size of prepared CS-CuO –AgO NCs was ranged from 17 to 35 nm with cubic shape. UV–Vis absorption spectrum of prepared CS-CuO –AgO NCs showed that the indirect and direct band gaps are 2.75 and 3.6 eV, respectively. PL spectroscopy revealed that the band edge emission exceeded 3.63 eV for CS-CuO-AgO NCs with the PLA-H method. The diffusion method was used to measure the inhibition zones in order to evaluate the antibacterial CS-CuO-AgO NCs. When the concentrations were high, the inhibition zones for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a gram-positive bacterium, were 23 mm in diameter, and for Escherichia coli (E. coli), a gram-negative bacterium, were 25 mm in diameter. At lower concentrations, the inhibition zone diameters as measured by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibition concentration tests were 3.23 ± 0.23 mm for Escherichia coli and 13.11 ± 0.13 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. To the author's knowledge, no research papers have documented the combination of chitosan extract and CuO-AgO NCs using the PLA-H method. This novel concept is worth exploring.