Obstacle-guided maximal velocity of active particle in two-dimensional Poiseuille flow
摘要
Active matter systems, such as self-propelled colloids or motile bacteria, exhibit rich nonequilibrium behaviors that are crucial for biological processes and engineered systems. Although their dynamics in confined fluid are of great interest, how structured geometries like periodic obstacles affect transport remains poorly understood. In this work, we investigate the transport dynamics of active particles in a two-dimensional Poiseuille flow with square lattice obstacles. In the absence of translational noise, active particles exhibit non-monotonic transport trend, coexisting several peaks at high flow velocities due to their ability to cross streamlines. This behavior results from the combined effects of central confinement at specific obstacle densities and strong spatial quasi-one-dimensional constraint at high obstacle densities. Furthermore, we demonstrate that similar transport phenomena persist in the general presence of translational noise. In environments with structural disorder, induced by random variations in obstacle positions or sizes, increasing randomness suppresses the velocity peaks and causes particles to become trapped at lower obstacle densities. These findings provide crucial insights into how to control the transport of active particle in confined flows, offering potential strategies for improving microrobot navigation and targeted drug delivery systems.