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<p>In view of the challenges posed by the inherent narrow bandwidth and low efficiency of traditional harvesters in low-frequency vibration environments, this study aims to investigate the correlation among multistability, bursting oscillations, and low-frequency energy harvesting enhancement in a two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration system. Using fast–slow analysis with excitation treated as a slow-varying parameter, the equilibrium bifurcations, potential energy topology, and attractor evolution are systematically examined. It is found that a key nonlinear bifurcation parameter governs the transition between mono-stability and bi-stability, which fundamentally determines the occurrence and morphology of bursting oscillations. A key innovation is the establishment of the intrinsic triadic linkage among bifurcation-controlled multistability, the resulting bursting dynamics, and the subsequent energy conversion efficiency. Within specific parameter regions, typical bursting responses characterized by alternating large-amplitude excited states and small-amplitude quiescent states are induced. Moreover, chaotic bursting regimes are identified in the vicinity of inter-well transition thresholds, where the interplay between excitation amplitude and frequency leads to irregular inter-well dynamics. This multistability-induced bursting oscillation mechanism enables the system to sustain high-amplitude vibrations under ultra-low-frequency excitations far below the conventional resonance range, thereby achieving significantly enhanced energy harvesting efficiency. The critical conditions for the transition from harmonic to bursting oscillations are revealed through comparative analysis. Key parameters including nonlinear stiffness and coupling stiffness are shown to regulate both bursting morphology and steady-state power output. This work establishes a synergistic pathway connecting multistability, bursting dynamics, and energy harvesting enhancement, providing a theoretical foundation for the design of high-performance, broadband energy harvesters tailored to ultra-low-frequency ambient vibrations.</p>

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Multistability-induced bursting oscillations for energy harvesting enhancement in a two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Wanjie Zhang,
  • Congbin Li,
  • Jiangchuan Niu,
  • Shuaiyu Liu

摘要

In view of the challenges posed by the inherent narrow bandwidth and low efficiency of traditional harvesters in low-frequency vibration environments, this study aims to investigate the correlation among multistability, bursting oscillations, and low-frequency energy harvesting enhancement in a two-stage quasi-zero-stiffness vibration system. Using fast–slow analysis with excitation treated as a slow-varying parameter, the equilibrium bifurcations, potential energy topology, and attractor evolution are systematically examined. It is found that a key nonlinear bifurcation parameter governs the transition between mono-stability and bi-stability, which fundamentally determines the occurrence and morphology of bursting oscillations. A key innovation is the establishment of the intrinsic triadic linkage among bifurcation-controlled multistability, the resulting bursting dynamics, and the subsequent energy conversion efficiency. Within specific parameter regions, typical bursting responses characterized by alternating large-amplitude excited states and small-amplitude quiescent states are induced. Moreover, chaotic bursting regimes are identified in the vicinity of inter-well transition thresholds, where the interplay between excitation amplitude and frequency leads to irregular inter-well dynamics. This multistability-induced bursting oscillation mechanism enables the system to sustain high-amplitude vibrations under ultra-low-frequency excitations far below the conventional resonance range, thereby achieving significantly enhanced energy harvesting efficiency. The critical conditions for the transition from harmonic to bursting oscillations are revealed through comparative analysis. Key parameters including nonlinear stiffness and coupling stiffness are shown to regulate both bursting morphology and steady-state power output. This work establishes a synergistic pathway connecting multistability, bursting dynamics, and energy harvesting enhancement, providing a theoretical foundation for the design of high-performance, broadband energy harvesters tailored to ultra-low-frequency ambient vibrations.