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<p>This work presents an analysis of entropy generation in the unsteady, laminar free convection of an electrically conducting fluid subject to multiple physical effects. The fluid motion occurs under the influence of a uniform horizontal magnetic field, rotational forces about a vertical axis, and thermal radiation. The investigation is centered on the behavior of Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC) within this magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) framework, with particular emphasis on how the imposed magnetic field and rotational motion alter heat transfer and irreversibility characteristics in the system. The analysis is carried out under the assumption of stress-free boundary conditions at the top and bottom surfaces. The visualization of cross rolls is achieved using the Fourier analysis of perturbations up to the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ^{8})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">O</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>ε</mi> <mn>8</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Variations in entropy with respect to key parameters namely, the Rayleigh number (<i>R</i>), Ekman number (<i>E</i>), and Elsasser number (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) are examined and presented graphically. The obtained results show that, as <i>E</i> increases, viscous forces become more dominant, which reduces convection and weakens the temperature gradients, leading to lower entropy generation from heat transfer.</p>

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Entropy Generation Analysis of Electrically Conducting Fluids under Rotation and Magnetic Fields in Rayleigh–Bénard Convection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • G. Srinivas,
  • A. Renuka,
  • A. Krishna Rao

摘要

This work presents an analysis of entropy generation in the unsteady, laminar free convection of an electrically conducting fluid subject to multiple physical effects. The fluid motion occurs under the influence of a uniform horizontal magnetic field, rotational forces about a vertical axis, and thermal radiation. The investigation is centered on the behavior of Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC) within this magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) framework, with particular emphasis on how the imposed magnetic field and rotational motion alter heat transfer and irreversibility characteristics in the system. The analysis is carried out under the assumption of stress-free boundary conditions at the top and bottom surfaces. The visualization of cross rolls is achieved using the Fourier analysis of perturbations up to the \(\mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ^{8})\) O ( ε 8 ) . Variations in entropy with respect to key parameters namely, the Rayleigh number (R), Ekman number (E), and Elsasser number ( \(\Lambda \) Λ ) are examined and presented graphically. The obtained results show that, as E increases, viscous forces become more dominant, which reduces convection and weakens the temperature gradients, leading to lower entropy generation from heat transfer.