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<p>S-boxes provide the necessary nonlinear transformation for diffusion and confusion. Our S-box design approach is based on Tabu Search optimization and Enhanced Hybrid Chaotic Maps (EHCM). Step one generates pseudo-random values by using EHCM with chosen parameters. These values are then mapped to create a bijective 8-bit S-box. Walsh spectrum analysis is then used to assess the created S-box’s non-linearity. In the second stage, Tabu Search uses a Tabu list to avoid cycles and maximize average non-linearity through controlled swaps, hence optimizing the S-box. The statistical validity of the chaotic map was confirmed using NIST tests, entropy, and correlation analysis. Standard cryptographic metrics, including non-linearity, Bit Independence Criterion (BIC), Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC), Linear Approximation Probability (LAP), and Differential Approximation Probability (DAP), were used to evaluate optimized S-boxes. For safe cryptographic systems, the suggested EHCM with Tabu optimization produces S-boxes that are impervious to linear and differential cryptanalysis.</p>

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S-box generation through enhanced hybrid chaotic maps and tabu-optimized technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Saba Naz,
  • Zohaib Zahid,
  • Rashad Ali,
  • Muhammad Kamran Jamil

摘要

S-boxes provide the necessary nonlinear transformation for diffusion and confusion. Our S-box design approach is based on Tabu Search optimization and Enhanced Hybrid Chaotic Maps (EHCM). Step one generates pseudo-random values by using EHCM with chosen parameters. These values are then mapped to create a bijective 8-bit S-box. Walsh spectrum analysis is then used to assess the created S-box’s non-linearity. In the second stage, Tabu Search uses a Tabu list to avoid cycles and maximize average non-linearity through controlled swaps, hence optimizing the S-box. The statistical validity of the chaotic map was confirmed using NIST tests, entropy, and correlation analysis. Standard cryptographic metrics, including non-linearity, Bit Independence Criterion (BIC), Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC), Linear Approximation Probability (LAP), and Differential Approximation Probability (DAP), were used to evaluate optimized S-boxes. For safe cryptographic systems, the suggested EHCM with Tabu optimization produces S-boxes that are impervious to linear and differential cryptanalysis.